Appeal of Town of Amherst

Housing Appeals Board No. 2021-0570 · Supreme Court of New Hampshire · January 18, 2023 · No. Housing Appeals Board No. 2021-0570

Summary

The Supreme Court of New Hampshire affirmed the Housing Appeals Board’s orders vacating the Town of Amherst Planning Board’s denial of subdivision and site plan approval for a 49-unit housing project, including age-restricted units. The court held that the Board acted unreasonably by denying the application based on unresolved age-restriction compliance concerns without completing its customary review of the condominium documents, and by relying on rural-aesthetic and density concerns previously addressed in an earlier conditional use permit.

Court
Supreme Court of New Hampshire
Writing for the Court
HICKS, J.; MACDONALD, C.J.; BASSETT, J.; HANTZ MARCONI, J.; DONOVAN, J.
Jurisdiction
New Hampshire
Decision date
January 18, 2023
Docket number
Housing Appeals Board No. 2021-0570
Procedural posture
The Town of Amherst appealed Housing Appeals Board orders vacating the Town planning board's denial of the respondents' subdivision and site plan application and remanding for further proceedings.
Standard of review
Under RSA chapter 541, the Supreme Court will not set aside a Housing Appeals Board order except for errors of law or unless, by a clear preponderance of the evidence, the order is unjust or unreasonable. The Board's factual findings are prima facie lawful and reasonable and are reviewed for support by competent evidence, without reweighing the evidence. Interpretation of a tribunal's order is reviewed de novo. The Housing Appeals Board may reverse or modify a planning board decision only for legal error or when the decision is unreasonable under the balance-of-probabilities standard in RSA 679:9, II.
Precedential value
Published New Hampshire Supreme Court opinion; precedential unless later limited, overruled, or abrogated.
Parties
Town of Amherst v. Migrela Realty Trust II, GAM Realty Trust
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

judicial review of agency actionzoningmunicipal lawadministrative lawappellate procedure

Practice areas

administrative lawmunicipal lawland useappellate procedurereal estate

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the Housing Appeals Board erred in finding unreasonable the planning board's denial based on concerns about compliance with state and federal age-restricted-housing requirements.
  2. Whether the Housing Appeals Board erred in finding unreasonable the planning board's denial based on the project's alleged failure to preserve a rural aesthetic.
  3. Whether the Housing Appeals Board improperly substituted its judgment for that of the planning board and failed to apply the required deferential standard of review.

Holdings

  1. The Housing Appeals Board did not act unjustly or unreasonably in vacating the planning board's denial based on age-related legal-compliance concerns where the board had not completed the customary review of the proposed condominium documents and compliance could be addressed through those documents and approval conditions.
  2. The Housing Appeals Board reasonably determined that the planning board could not deny the subdivision and site plan application on the asserted rural-aesthetic and density grounds because those considerations had already been addressed when the conditional use permit authorizing density of up to 54 units was granted.
  3. The Town failed to demonstrate that the Housing Appeals Board substituted its judgment for the planning board's or failed to apply the statutory standard of review.

Key quotations

We cannot say that it was unjust or unreasonable for the HAB to conclude that the Board’s failure to follow this customary practice, and instead, to deny the application based on its own concerns about legal compliance, was unreasonable. (4)
In other words, the HAB observed that “Denying a project using the undefined concept of ‘rural aesthetics’ is misplaced,” but nevertheless concluded that “the grant of the CUP ‘for up to 54 units’ satisfied this ‘undefined concept.’” (7)

Factual background

Migrela Realty Trust II and GAM Realty Trust sought approval for a housing project in Amherst. The project had previously received a conditional use permit under the Town's Integrated Innovative Housing Ordinance authorizing increased density of up to 54 units; the later subdivision and site plan proposal was reduced to 49 units, including 14 age-restricted units and 35 unrestricted units. The planning board denied the application based on concerns about compliance with elderly-housing laws, the absence of sufficient separation or governing controls between age-restricted and unrestricted units, and preservation of the Town's rural aesthetic. The planning board denied the application before Town Counsel reviewed the proposed condominium documents.

Procedural history

The respondents applied for subdivision and site plan approval for a 49-unit housing project that included 14 age-restricted units. The Town planning board denied the application based on perceived conflicts with state and federal elderly-housing requirements and failure to preserve a rural aesthetic. The Housing Appeals Board vacated the denial and remanded to the planning board, then denied the Town's motion for reconsideration. The Supreme Court of New Hampshire affirmed.

Remand instructions

The Housing Appeals Board's remand directives remained in effect. On remand, the planning board and applicant were to collaborate regarding state and federal age-restriction rules, the applicant was to provide complete condominium documents addressing the mixed-age-housing concerns, and the planning board was to review those documents before voting again. A new vote could deny the application only for legitimate unsatisfied requests, noncompliance with zoning ordinances or planning regulations, or valid concerns not addressed, or could approve it with customary and reasonable conditions.

Court Document

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