Matter of American Tr. Ins. Co. v. Suh

2026 NY Slip Op 03161 · Supreme Court of the State of New York, Appellate Division, Second Judicial Department · May 20, 2026 · No. 2024-02538

Summary

The Appellate Division, Second Department reversed a Supreme Court judgment that vacated a master arbitration award concerning no-fault insurance benefits. The court held that the master arbitrator's determination was rational, supported by evidence, and not subject to judicial vacatur, confirmed the award, and remitted the matter for determination of attorney's fees and other costs.

Court
Supreme Court of the State of New York, Appellate Division, Second Judicial Department
Writing for the Court
Betsy Barros, J.P.; Paul Wooten, J.; Janice A. Taylor, J.; James P. McCormack, J.
Jurisdiction
New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Second Department
Decision date
May 20, 2026
Docket number
2024-02538
Procedural posture
Appeal from a judgment of the Supreme Court, Kings County, in a CPLR article 75 proceeding. The judgment granted the insurer's petition to vacate a master arbitration award, denied Suh's cross-petition to confirm the award, and vacated the award.
Standard of review
Under CPLR article 75, judicial review of a master arbitration award in compulsory arbitration is limited to whether the determination had evidentiary support, was rational, or had a plausible basis. Courts generally will not vacate an arbitrator's award for an asserted incorrect application of substantive law unless the error is so irrational as to require vacatur.
Precedential value
Published opinion; precedential under New York law, subject to the opinion's stated uncorrected status and revision before publication in the Official Reports.
Parties
Jungman Michael Suh v. American Transit Insurance Company
Disposition
reversed_and_remanded

Topics

arbitrationinsurance coverageappellate procedurestandard of reviewremedies

Practice areas

InsuranceArbitrationAppellate procedureNo-fault benefits

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the Supreme Court properly vacated the master arbitration award under CPLR article 75.
  2. Whether the master arbitrator's determination that the insurer's additional verification requests were improper and could not support denial of the no-fault claim was rational, supported by evidence, or arbitrary and capricious.
  3. Whether the master arbitration award should be confirmed and the matter remanded for determination of attorney's fees, other fees, costs, and disbursements.

Holdings

  1. A court reviewing a master arbitration award in compulsory arbitration may vacate the award only on the limited grounds available under CPLR article 75, including lack of evidentiary support, irrationality, or absence of a plausible basis.
  2. The master arbitrator's determination that the insurer's additional verification requests were improper and that Suh's purported failure to comply with them was not a proper basis for denying the claim was rational, supported by evidence, and not arbitrary and capricious; therefore, the award could not be vacated.
  3. The judgment was reversed, the petition to vacate was denied, the branch of Suh's cross-petition seeking confirmation was granted, the master arbitration award was confirmed, and the fee, other fee, cost, and disbursement issues were remitted to the Supreme Court for determination.

Key quotations

"[A]n arbitrator's rulings, unlike a trial court's, are largely unreviewable" (at 1)
"A court reviewing the award of a master arbitrator is limited to the grounds set forth in CPLR article 75, which include, in this compulsory arbitration, the question of whether the determination had evidentiary support, was rational, or had a plausible basis" (at 1-2)
"courts 'generally will not vacate an arbitrator's award where the error claimed is the incorrect application of a rule of substantive law, unless it is so irrational as to require vacatur'" (at 2)

Factual background

Jungman Michael Suh was the assignee of a claim for no-fault benefits for treatment rendered to a patient allegedly involved in an automobile accident. After American Transit Insurance Company denied the claim, Suh submitted it to arbitration, and the arbitrator awarded him the full amount claimed. A master arbitrator affirmed the award, finding that the insurer's additional verification requests were improper and that the alleged failure to comply with them did not justify denial of the claim.

Procedural history

Suh, an assignee of a no-fault benefits claim, submitted the claim to arbitration after American Transit Insurance Company denied it. The arbitrator awarded Suh the full claim amount, and a master arbitrator affirmed. The Supreme Court, Kings County, granted the insurer's petition to vacate the master arbitration award and denied Suh's cross-petition to confirm it. Suh appealed to the Appellate Division, which reversed and remitted the fee and cost issues.

Remand instructions

The Supreme Court, Kings County, must determine the branches of Suh's cross-petition seeking reasonable attorney's fees, other fees, costs, and disbursements.

Court Document

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