Ariana Cortes v. NLRB

United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit · July 22, 2025 · No. 24-5152

Summary

This D.C. Circuit opinion addresses whether a challenge to the National Labor Relations Board’s statutory tenure protections presents a live case or controversy under Article III. The court found that the parties no longer had adverse interests because both agreed the tenure provisions were unconstitutional and the plaintiffs sought only a declaratory judgment with which the government fully concurred. Consequently, the appellate court affirmed the district court’s dismissal of the lawsuit for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction.

Court
United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
Writing for the Court
Millett; Srinivasan; Garcia
Jurisdiction
United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
Decision date
July 22, 2025
Docket number
24-5152
Procedural posture
Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Columbia dismissing the case for lack of Article III jurisdiction.
Precedential value
published
Parties
Ariana Cortes, Karam Logan v. National Labor Relations Board
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

constitutional lawstandingsubject matter jurisdictioncivil procedurejudicial review of agency action

Practice areas

constitutional lawadministrative lawcivil procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the parties are sufficiently adverse to establish Article III jurisdiction for a declaratory judgment action.

Holdings

  1. The parties are not sufficiently adverse; therefore the district court's dismissal for lack of Article III jurisdiction is affirmed.

Key quotations

Article III denies federal courts the power ‘to decide questions that cannot affect the rights of litigants in the case before them,’ and confines them to resolving ‘real and substantial controversies admitting of specific relief through a decree of a conclusive character.’

Factual background

Ariana Cortes and Karam Logan, baristas at Starbucks stores in New York, filed decertification petitions with the NLRB after the Board had certified a union. The Board dismissed the petitions pending pending unfair‑labor‑practice proceedings, and the plaintiffs subsequently sued in district court challenging the constitutionality of the Board members' statutory tenure protections.

Procedural history

The district court dismissed the plaintiffs' declaratory judgment action for lack of standing and jurisdiction, holding that the parties were not sufficiently adverse. The plaintiffs appealed.

Court Document

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