Holstein v. Collins

2023-1451 · United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit · January 30, 2026 · No. 23-1451

Summary

The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit affirmed the Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims' decision denying attorney Shannon Holstein additional fees for work related to a veteran's PTSD claim. The court held that the PTSD claim was not part of the same "case" as the neck-injury claim for purposes of 38 U.S.C. § 5904(c)(1) because it was not connected to the evidence underlying the notice of disagreement.

Court
United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
Writing for the Court
Lourie, Circuit Judge; Reyna, Circuit Judge; Cunningham, Circuit Judge
Jurisdiction
United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
Decision date
January 30, 2026
Docket number
23-1451
Procedural posture
Attorney Shannon Holstein appealed the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims' affirmance of the Board of Veterans' Appeals' denial of additional attorney's fees relating to a veteran's PTSD claim. The Federal Circuit reviewed the legal interpretation of 38 U.S.C. § 5904(c)(1) and affirmed.
Standard of review
The Federal Circuit reviews legal issues, including statutory interpretation, de novo. Its jurisdiction under 38 U.S.C. § 7292 generally excludes factual determinations and challenges to a law or regulation as applied to the facts, absent a constitutional question.
Precedential value
published
Parties
Shannon Holstein v. Douglas A. Collins, Secretary of Veterans Affairs
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

statutory interpretationadministrative lawappellate jurisdictionstandard of reviewlegislative intent

Practice areas

veterans lawadministrative lawstatutory interpretationappellate procedureattorney fees

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the Veterans Court misconstrued the term "case" in 38 U.S.C. § 5904(c)(1) by determining that the veteran's PTSD claim was not part of the same case as the neck-injury claim appealed in the 2008 notice of disagreement.
  2. Whether the filing of any notice of disagreement automatically expanded the veteran's case to include all claims subsequently presented to the VA.

Holdings

  1. The term "case" is defined by all potential claims raised by the evidence, applying relevant laws and regulations, regardless of whether a claim is specifically labeled. The Veterans Court correctly applied that evidence-focused interpretation in determining that the PTSD claim was not part of the same case as the neck-injury claim.
  2. The filing of one notice of disagreement does not automatically expand a veteran's case to include every claim subsequently brought before the VA. The NOD must have been filed in the same case for which the attorney seeks fees, with sameness determined by the claims raised by the evidence.

Key quotations

we concluded that a “case” is defined by “all [the] potential claims raised by the evidence, applying all relevant laws and regulations, regardless of whether the claim is specifically labeled.” (6)
The Veterans Court’s determination that the PTSD claim had no connection to the July 2008 NOD demonstrates that it properly construed “case” under § 5904(c)(1) (2012) in accord with Jackson. (8)

Factual background

The veteran filed a neck-injury compensation claim in 2007, and a notice of disagreement appealing its denial in 2008. Holstein was retained in 2012 and later submitted a PTSD claim, additional evidence concerning the neck claim, and a TDIU claim. The VA ultimately awarded $83,801.19 in past-due benefits, but allowed Holstein twenty percent fees only on benefits associated with the neck-injury claim because the PTSD claim was not part of the same case underlying the 2008 notice of disagreement.

Procedural history

The veteran's neck-injury claim was initially denied by the VA Regional Office and appealed to the Board in a 2008 notice of disagreement. After Holstein began representing the veteran, she pursued PTSD and TDIU-related benefits as well. The VA awarded past-due benefits but allowed Holstein fees only for the neck-injury claim. The Board and Veterans Court rejected her request for fees relating to PTSD, and the Federal Circuit affirmed.

Court Document

Open PDF
Loading document…