Heredia v. Roscoe

125 F.4th 34 (1st Cir. 2025) · United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit · January 6, 2025 · No. 23-1353

Summary

This First Circuit Court of Appeals opinion reviews the denial of a police officer's motion for judgment as a matter of law and motion for remittitur following a jury verdict finding him liable for excessive force under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. The court examines whether the officer's use of force during an arrest was objectively reasonable under the Fourth Amendment and addresses the applicability of qualified immunity. Applying a de novo standard of review, the appellate court affirms the district court's decision, concluding that a reasonable jury could find the force used was excessive and that qualified immunity does not bar the claim.

Court
United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
Writing for the Court
Judge Gelpí; Judge Montecalvo; Judge Rikelman
Jurisdiction
United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
Decision date
January 6, 2025
Docket number
23-1353
Procedural posture
Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of New Hampshire, which denied Roscoe's motions for judgment as a matter of law and for remittitur of punitive damages.
Standard of review
de novo
Precedential value
published
Parties
Michael Roscoe v. Chasrick Heredia
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

section 1983qualified immunitypolice misconductcivil rightsfourth amendment

Practice areas

civil rightsconstitutional lawappellate procedurecivil procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the district court erred in denying Roscoe's motion for judgment as a matter of law on the §1983 excessive‑force claim.
  2. Whether the district court erred in denying Roscoe's motion for remittitur of the punitive‑damage award.

Holdings

  1. The appellate court affirmed the district court’s denial of the JMOL, finding that a reasonable jury could have concluded that Officer Roscoe used excessive force in performing the takedown after Heredia had surrendered.
  2. The appellate court affirmed the denial of remittitur, concluding that a jury could find Roscoe’s conduct demonstrated reckless indifference to Heredia’s Fourth Amendment rights, justifying punitive damages.

Key quotations

We similarly recognize that "[i]n making an arrest, a police officer has 'the right to use some degree of physical coercion or threat thereof to effect it.'" (at ___)

Factual background

On May 11, 2018, police officers responded to a noise complaint at a nightclub in Manchester. Officer Michael Roscoe attempted to arrest Chasrick Heredia, who initially resisted but then raised his hands in surrender. Roscoe then performed a takedown, striking Heredia's head on the pavement, subsequently punching him and deploying a taser. The incident resulted in injuries to both parties and a criminal prosecution of Heredia.

Procedural history

The district court tried the case, a jury found Officer Roscoe liable for excessive force and awarded nominal and punitive damages. The district court denied Roscoe's JMOL and remittitur motions. Roscoe appealed.

Court Document

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