Miami-Dade County v. Odalys Fortes, Etc.

No. 3D24-1255 (Fla. 3d DCA Sept. 17, 2025) · Florida Third District Court of Appeal · September 17, 2025 · No. 3D24-1255

Summary

The Florida Third District Court of Appeal affirmed the circuit court’s judgment in favor of Odalys Fortes in an appeal by Miami-Dade County. The court cited authorities concerning de novo review of a directed-verdict ruling and the special tort duty arising when law-enforcement officers assume control over circumstances and increase a person’s risk of harm.

Court
Florida Third District Court of Appeal
Writing for the Court
Emas; Miller; Lobree
Jurisdiction
Florida Third District Court of Appeal
Decision date
September 17, 2025
Docket number
3D24-1255
Procedural posture
Miami-Dade County appealed from a judgment of the Circuit Court for Miami-Dade County; the Third District Court of Appeal affirmed.
Standard of review
De novo review applies to a denial of a motion for directed verdict, with the evidence and all available inferences viewed in the light most favorable to the verdict.
Precedential value
Published opinion
Parties
Miami-Dade County v. Odalys Fortes
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

duty of carenegligencemunicipal liabilitystandard of reviewappellate procedure

Practice areas

tortsmunicipal liabilityappellate procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the denial of Miami-Dade County's motion for directed verdict was properly reviewed de novo and should be affirmed.
  2. Whether law-enforcement conduct may give rise to a special tort duty when officers assume control over a situation or individual and thereby create or increase a zone of risk.

Holdings

  1. A denial of a motion for directed verdict is reviewed de novo, viewing the evidence and all available inferences in the light most favorable to the verdict; the lower-court ruling was affirmed.
  2. A special tort duty arises when law-enforcement officers become directly involved in circumstances that place people within a zone of risk by creating or permitting dangers to exist, taking people into custody, detaining them, or otherwise subjecting them to danger; assuming control carries a corresponding duty to exercise reasonable care.

Key quotations

this court reviews a denial of a motion for directed verdict de novo, viewing the evidence and all available inferences from it in the light most favorable to the verdict. (at 2)
A special tort duty does arise when law enforcement officers become directly involved in circumstances which place people within a ‘zone of risk’ by creating or permitting dangers to exist, by taking persons into police custody, detaining them, or otherwise subjecting them to danger. (at 2)
The premise underlying this theory is that a police officer’s decision to assume control over a particular situation or individual or group of individuals is accompanied by a corresponding duty to exercise reasonable care. (at 2)

Factual background

The opinion provides no detailed factual narrative. Its cited authorities indicate that the appeal involved whether law-enforcement conduct created a special tort duty by placing persons within a zone of risk and whether the evidence supported the denial of a directed-verdict motion.

Procedural history

The appeal arose from the Circuit Court for Miami-Dade County, case number 19-28710-CA-01. The appellate court addressed the denial of a motion for directed verdict under a de novo standard and affirmed the lower-court disposition.

Court Document

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