United States v. Patrick

152 F.4th 1089 (9th Cir. 2025) · United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit · December 19, 2025 · No. 24-2638

Summary

The Ninth Circuit affirmed a criminal judgment imposing a $1,000 fine and $100 special assessment due immediately while also establishing minimum payments for the defendant during incarceration and supervised release. The court held that this arrangement did not violate 18 U.S.C. § 3572(d)(1), explaining that immediate liability and a payment schedule of minimum payments may coexist when the defendant is indigent.

Court
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Writing for the Court
Richard C. Tallman; Ronald M. Gould; Morgan B. Christen
Jurisdiction
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Decision date
December 19, 2025
Docket number
24-2638
Procedural posture
Patrick appealed his criminal judgment and sentence, challenging only the district court's order making a $1,000 fine and $100 special assessment due immediately while also establishing a minimum payment schedule.
Standard of review
De novo review of the purely statutory-interpretation question concerning 18 U.S.C. § 3572(d)(1).
Precedential value
Published, precedential Ninth Circuit opinion
Parties
Logan Harden Patrick v. United States of America
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

statutory interpretationcriminal proceduresentencingappellate procedurestandard of review

Practice areas

Federal criminal procedureCriminal fines and special assessmentsStatutory interpretationAppellate procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether 18 U.S.C. § 3572(d)(1) prohibits a district court from making a criminal fine and special assessment due immediately while also establishing a payment schedule consisting of minimum payments based on the defendant's ability to pay.

Holdings

  1. Section 3572(d)(1) does not prohibit a district court from making a fine and special assessment due immediately while also allowing an indigent defendant to discharge the obligation through a payment schedule of minimum payments.

Key quotations

the district court did not violate the statute by making the monetary penalty due immediately, but allowing Patrick to discharge the penalty through a payment plan. (Opinion at 17)

Factual background

Patrick pleaded guilty to possession with intent to distribute methamphetamine. The district court sentenced him to 151 months in prison and three years of supervised release, imposed a $1,000 fine and a $100 special assessment due immediately, and recognized his indigency by establishing minimum payments through the Inmate Financial Responsibility Program and during supervised release. Patrick challenged only the simultaneous use of an immediate-due designation and a payment schedule, not the imposition or amount of the monetary penalties.

Procedural history

Patrick pleaded guilty in the United States District Court for the District of Idaho to possession with intent to distribute methamphetamine. The district court sentenced him to 151 months' imprisonment and three years of supervised release, imposed a $1,000 fine and $100 special assessment due immediately, and established minimum payments through the Bureau of Prisons Inmate Financial Responsibility Program and during supervised release. Patrick timely appealed, and the Ninth Circuit affirmed.

Court Document

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