LeRoy Anderson v. Matthew Morrison and Marcus Holton

No. 14-3781 · United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit · August 26, 2016 · No. No. 14-3781

Summary

The Seventh Circuit held that a prisoner plausibly stated an Eighth Amendment claim by alleging that guards required him to descend thirteen stairs while handcuffed, unaided, and confronted with milk, food, and garbage on the stairs. The court vacated the dismissal and remanded for further proceedings.

Court
United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
Writing for the Court
Williams; Flaum; Manion
Jurisdiction
Federal
Decision date
August 26, 2016
Docket number
No. 14-3781
Procedural posture
Plaintiff appealed the dismissal of his 42 U.S.C. § 1983 complaint under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6).
Standard of review
The court reviewed the Rule 12(b)(6) dismissal by taking all well-pleaded allegations as true and viewing them in the light most favorable to the plaintiff.
Precedential value
Published Seventh Circuit opinion according to supplied metadata; no reporter citation appears in the opinion text.
Parties
LeRoy Anderson v. Matthew Morrison, Marcus Holton
Disposition
vacated

Topics

prisoners rightscruel and unusual punishmentsection 1983appellate procedurestandard of review

Practice areas

civil rights litigationprisoners' rightsconstitutional tortsappellate procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether Anderson sufficiently alleged that prison officials subjected him to a substantial risk of serious harm in violation of the Eighth Amendment.
  2. Whether the combination of milk and garbage on the stairs, handcuffing Anderson behind his back, and refusing to assist him constituted more than an ordinary slippery-surface hazard under the Eighth Amendment.

Holdings

  1. The alleged combination of stairs slicked with milk, several days of accumulated food and garbage, handcuffing behind the back, and refusal to provide assistance posed an unreasonable risk of serious harm sufficient to state an Eighth Amendment conditions-of-confinement claim.

Key quotations

slippery surfaces and shower floors in prison, without more, cannot constitute a hazardous condition of confinement (at 3)
plummeting down a flight of 13 steps presents a far greater risk of physical injury than does slipping on a shower floor. (at 4)
Prisons are not required to provide a “maximally safe environment,” but they must address easily preventable, observed hazards that pose a significant risk of severe harm to inmates (at 4-5)
Forcing someone to walk handcuffed and unaided down stairs needlessly strewn with easily removable milk, food, and garbage, as Anderson alleges, poses an unreasonable peril. (at 5)

Factual background

During a shakedown at Stateville Correctional Center, guards handcuffed Anderson behind his back and ordered him to walk down thirteen stairs to a holding area while his cell was searched. The stairs had allegedly been covered with food, milk, and garbage for several days. The guards refused Anderson's request for assistance, and he slipped, fell down the stairs, lost consciousness, and suffered continuing and permanent injuries.

Procedural history

Anderson, an Illinois prisoner, sued two correctional officers alleging that they violated the Eighth Amendment by ordering him to descend milk- and garbage-covered stairs while handcuffed behind his back and refusing to assist him. The United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois dismissed the complaint, concluding that slippery stairs did not pose a sufficiently serious risk of harm. The Seventh Circuit vacated the judgment and remanded for further proceedings.

Remand instructions

Vacate the dismissal and remand for further proceedings to determine the truth of Anderson's allegations; the court encouraged consideration of recruiting counsel for Anderson.

Court Document

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