Michael Wood v. Security Credit Services, LLC

126 F.4th 1303 (7th Cir. 2025) · United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit · January 28, 2025 · No. 23-2071

Summary

This Seventh Circuit opinion reverses a district court's grant of summary judgment in favor of a debt collector under the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA). The court held that the plaintiff had Article III standing because the failure to report a disputed debt to a credit bureau constitutes a concrete reputational injury analogous to defamation. Additionally, the court found a genuine issue of material fact regarding whether the debt collector knew or should have known the debt was disputed, particularly given conflicting evidence about its understanding of unresolved disputes during the purchase of the debt bundle. The case is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this decision.

Court
United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
Writing for the Court
Kolar; Easterbrook; Hamilton
Jurisdiction
United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
Decision date
January 28, 2025
Docket number
23-2071
Procedural posture
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division.
Standard of review
de novo
Precedential value
published
Parties
Michael Wood v. Security Credit Services, LLC
Disposition
reversed_and_remanded

Topics

consumer protectioncivil proceduresummary judgmentstandingstatutory interpretation

Practice areas

consumer protectioncivil procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether Wood has Article III standing to sue under the FDCPA.
  2. Whether SCS knew or should have known that Wood disputed the debt, thereby violating §1692e(8) of the FDCPA.
  3. Whether the bona fide error defense is available to SCS.
  4. Whether the district court erred in granting summary judgment for SCS.

Holdings

  1. Wood has standing because the false reporting of a disputed debt causes a concrete, particularized injury sufficient for Article III standing.
  2. There is a genuine issue of material fact as to whether SCS knew or should have known about the dispute; therefore, summary judgment was improper.
  3. The bona fide error defense does not apply because SCS’s alleged error was a mistake of law, not a clerical or factual mistake.

Key quotations

We conclude that Wood has standing and that there are genuine issues of material fact. Therefore, we reverse and remand for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. (at 1154)

Factual background

Michael Wood incurred credit card debt with Pentagon Federal Credit Union (PenFed), disputed the debt in writing, and PenFed reported the debt as valid to credit bureaus. PenFed sold the account to Security Credit Services, LLC (SCS), which reported the debt to credit bureaus without indicating the dispute. Wood sued SCS under the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA).

Procedural history

The district court granted summary judgment for Security Credit Services, LLC. Wood appealed the decision.

Remand instructions

The case is remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.

Court Document

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