Levitan v. Maclean

No. 2:23-cv-12439 (E.D. Mich. Dec. 4, 2024) · United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan, Southern Division · December 4, 2024 · No. 2:23-cv-12439

Summary

This federal district court order addresses a request to stay proceedings based on a defendant's employer's Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing. The court analyzes whether the automatic stay under 11 U.S.C. § 362 extends to non-debtor individual defendants. Citing Sixth Circuit precedent, the court concludes that the bankruptcy stay does not automatically apply to third parties without a specific preliminary injunction under § 105(a). Consequently, the court declines to stay the case and allows the prisoner civil rights litigation to proceed against all named defendants.

Court
United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan, Southern Division
Writing for the Court
Kimberly G. Altman
Jurisdiction
United States District Court, Eastern District of Michigan
Decision date
December 4, 2024
Docket number
2:23-cv-12439
Procedural posture
In a prisoner civil-rights action alleging deliberate indifference to serious medical needs, Defendant Magnuson filed a notice asserting that Wellpath's Chapter 11 bankruptcy required a stay of the case. The court declined to stay the proceedings against Magnuson and the other nondebtor defendants.
Standard of review
The district court has concurrent jurisdiction with the originating bankruptcy court to determine the applicability of the automatic stay. An injunction extending protection to nondebtor parties under 11 U.S.C. § 105(a) requires consideration of the preliminary-injunction factors and clear and convincing evidence.
Precedential value
Unknown
Parties
Richard Levitan v. Maclean, Johnson, Hill, Magnuson, Silverlight, Van, Trolla, Freeman, Parr, Dreadth, Willis Chapman, Akomolafe, John Does
Disposition
other

Topics

automatic staychapter 11injunctionsprisoners rightscivil rights

Practice areas

bankruptcyprisoner civil rightscivil procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether Wellpath's automatic bankruptcy stay under 11 U.S.C. § 362 applied to the claims against nondebtor defendant Magnuson and the other nondebtor defendants.
  2. Whether the bankruptcy-court order effectively extended the stay to the nondebtor defendants through the bankruptcy court's equitable authority under 11 U.S.C. § 105(a).

Holdings

  1. The automatic stay under § 362 applies to the debtor and does not, by its own terms, stay proceedings against nondebtor defendants such as Magnuson.
  2. A stay may be extended to nondebtor parties only through a proper injunction under the bankruptcy court's equitable authority under § 105(a), not by simply labeling the relief an extension of the § 362 stay; the order presented here did not properly do so.

Key quotations

The same is true here; no preliminary injunction has been issued, and neither this Court nor the bankruptcy court can otherwise “extend” the automatic stay to non-debtor parties.
In short, Wellpath is not a party to this case, and its bankruptcy stay has not properly been extended to non-debtor parties, like Magnuson.

Factual background

Levitan, proceeding pro se, brought an Eighth Amendment deliberate-indifference action against prison-related defendants. Defendant Magnuson is employed by Wellpath, which filed a voluntary Chapter 11 bankruptcy petition in the Southern District of Texas. Magnuson submitted a bankruptcy-court order purporting to extend the stay to lawsuits against nondebtor defendants, but the order did not cite 11 U.S.C. § 105(a), analyze preliminary-injunction factors, or otherwise explain why litigation against Magnuson should be enjoined.

Procedural history

Levitan originally filed the action in the Western District of Michigan, which transferred it to the Eastern District of Michigan because the defendants were considered to reside there. Pretrial matters were referred to Magistrate Judge Kimberly G. Altman. While defendants' dismissal and summary-judgment motions and Levitan's motion for appointment of counsel were pending, Magnuson filed notice of Wellpath's bankruptcy and the purported stay. The court determined that the bankruptcy orders did not stay litigation against the nondebtor defendants.

Court Document

Open PDF
Loading document…