Social Security Administration, et al. v. American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees, et al.

605 U. S. ____ (2025) · Supreme Court of the United States · June 6, 2025 · No. 24A1063

Summary

The Supreme Court granted the Social Security Administration's application for a stay of a preliminary injunction that had restricted the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) from accessing unclassified SSA records. The per curiam opinion applied the four-factor stay test, concluding that the government likely would succeed on the merits and that the public interest favored allowing DOGE access pending further litigation. Justice Jackson dissented, arguing that the government failed to demonstrate irreparable harm and that the stay undermined lower court safeguards protecting sensitive personal data.

Court
Supreme Court of the United States
Jurisdiction
United States Supreme Court
Decision date
June 6, 2025
Docket number
24A1063
Procedural posture
Application for stay of a preliminary injunction entered by the United States District Court for the District of Maryland
Standard of review
Four‑factor stay test (likelihood of success, irreparable harm, harm to other parties, public interest)
Precedential value
published
Parties
Social Security Administration, et al. v. American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees, et al.
Disposition
other

Topics

administrative lawjudicial review of agency actioninjunctionsagency adjudicationcivil procedure

Practice areas

administrative lawcivil procedurefederal employment law

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the Government has shown a likelihood of success on the merits and irreparable harm sufficient to justify a stay of the district court's preliminary injunction.

Holdings

  1. The stay of the District Court's preliminary injunction is granted.

Key quotations

The application for stay presented to THE CHIEF JUSTICE and by him referred to the Court is granted. (at 1)
The Court grants “emergency” relief that allows the Social Security Administration (SSA) to hand DOGE staffers the highly sensitive data of millions of Americans. (at 1)

Factual background

The President created the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) by executive order on Jan. 20, 2025, directing agency heads to give DOGE teams access to unclassified records. The SSA was ordered by a district court to limit DOGE's access to SSA data, prompting the Government to seek a stay of that injunction.

Procedural history

The District Court for the District of Maryland entered a preliminary injunction limiting DOGE's access to SSA data. The Fourth Circuit, sitting en banc, denied a stay of that injunction. The Government then sought a stay from the Supreme Court.

Court Document

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