Florida Parole Commission v. Robert Taylor

132 So. 3d 780 (Fla. 2014) · Supreme Court of Florida · January 23, 2014 · No. SC11-2460

Summary

The Supreme Court of Florida held that the First District Court of Appeal exceeded the limited scope of second-tier certiorari review by conducting a de novo review of the Florida Parole Commission’s decision to revoke Robert Taylor’s conditional release. The court further held that the circuit court’s denial of Taylor’s habeas petition did not result in a miscarriage of justice, even if the Commission’s explanation for rejecting the parole examiner’s recommendation was insufficiently particular. The court quashed the First District’s decision and remanded for reinstatement of the circuit court’s order.

Court
Supreme Court of Florida
Writing for the Court
Canady, J.; Polston, C.J.; Pariente, J.; Quince, J.; Labarga, J.; Perry, J.; Lewis, J.
Jurisdiction
Florida
Decision date
January 23, 2014
Docket number
SC11-2460
Procedural posture
The Florida Parole Commission sought review of a First District Court of Appeal decision granting second-tier certiorari and quashing a circuit court order that denied Robert Taylor's habeas petition challenging revocation of his conditional release.
Standard of review
On second-tier certiorari, the district court reviews only whether the circuit court afforded procedural due process and applied the correct law. Relief is available only for a departure from the essential requirements of law resulting in a miscarriage of justice; the district court may not conduct a de novo review of the agency decision.
Precedential value
Published opinion; binding precedent of the Supreme Court of Florida.
Parties
Florida Parole Commission v. Robert Taylor
Disposition
quashed

Topics

writ of certiorariappellate procedurejudicial review of agency actionadministrative lawremedies

Practice areas

administrative lawappellate procedureparole and conditional releasehabeas corpus

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the First District exceeded the permissible scope of second-tier certiorari review by conducting a de novo review of the Florida Parole Commission's revocation decision.
  2. Whether the circuit court's denial of Taylor's habeas petition resulted in a miscarriage of justice warranting second-tier certiorari relief.
  3. Whether the Florida Parole Commission had discretion to reject the parole examiner's recommended sanction after a willful and substantial violation of conditional release was established.
  4. What remedy is appropriate if the Commission's order fails to state with sufficient particularity its reasons for rejecting the recommended sanction.

Holdings

  1. A district court reviewing a circuit court's order on second-tier certiorari may review only whether the circuit court afforded procedural due process and applied the correct law; it may not conduct a de novo review of the underlying agency decision.
  2. Second-tier certiorari relief is available only when a departure from the essential requirements of law results in a miscarriage of justice, and the circuit court's order in this case did not produce such a miscarriage.
  3. Once a willful and substantial violation of conditional release is established, the Florida Parole Commission has discretion to revoke conditional release or impose another permissible disposition, and a reviewing court may not require the Commission to impose a particular sanction.
  4. If an agency fails to state with sufficient particularity its reasons for rejecting a hearing officer's recommended penalty, the appropriate remedy is to quash or reverse and remand for the agency to provide the required statement of reasoning, not to require a particular sanction.

Key quotations

the district court’s role on second-tier certiorari review [is] limited to a two-pronged review of the circuit court decision, not a de novo review of the agency decision. (slip op. at 4)
A petitioner who has had appellate review of a decision by the FPC in the circuit court is not entitled to a second plenary appeal in the district court. (slip op. at 6)
Because the FPC’s determination whether to revoke a conditional release is inherently discretionary, once a substantial, willful violation is established, the circuit court may not require the FPC to impose a particular sanction. (slip op. at 8)

Factual background

Taylor, who had been sentenced as a habitual offender, was granted conditional release in 2007. After previously violating release conditions without having his release revoked, Taylor admitted in 2010 that he had used marijuana. Although a parole examiner found the violation willful and substantial and recommended restoration to regular supervision, the Florida Parole Commission rejected that recommendation and revoked Taylor's conditional release.

Procedural history

The Florida Parole Commission revoked Taylor's conditional release after he admitted using marijuana. Taylor filed a habeas petition in the Third Judicial Circuit Court, which denied relief. The First District granted Taylor's second-tier certiorari petition and concluded that the Commission had abused its discretion. The Supreme Court of Florida accepted review based on express and direct conflict with Sheley v. Florida Parole Commission.

Remand instructions

Quash the First District's decision and remand for reinstatement of the circuit court's order denying Taylor's petition for a writ of habeas corpus.

Court Document

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