Samuel Rivera v. Ricky D. Dixon, etc.

No. SC21-1190 (Fla. Mar. 24, 2022) · Supreme Court of Florida · March 24, 2022 · No. SC21-1190

Summary

The Florida Supreme Court sanctions Samuel Rivera for repeatedly filing meritless or otherwise inappropriate pro se petitions related to his criminal case. The Court directs its Clerk to reject future related filings unless signed by a member of The Florida Bar and to forward the opinion to the Florida Department of Corrections because the petition was frivolous.

Court
Supreme Court of Florida
Writing for the Court
Per curiam; Chief Justice Canady; Justice Polston; Justice Labarga; Justice Lawson; Justice Muñiz; Justice Couriel; Justice Grosshans
Jurisdiction
Florida
Decision date
March 24, 2022
Docket number
SC21-1190
Procedural posture
Original proceeding in habeas corpus. Rivera filed a pro se petition seeking a declaratory judgment, which the Florida Supreme Court treated as a habeas petition. The Court had previously dismissed the petition as unauthorized and retained jurisdiction to determine whether sanctions should be imposed.
Standard of review
The Court reviewed its own prior dismissal and considered whether Rivera had shown cause why sanctions should not be imposed; the opinion does not identify a separately named standard of review.
Precedential value
Published Florida Supreme Court opinion; precedential on the Court's authority to sanction abusive litigants and impose the stated filing restriction.
Parties
Samuel Rivera v. Ricky D. Dixon, etc.
Disposition
other

Topics

appellate procedurehabeas corpuspost-conviction reliefcriminal proceduredouble jeopardy

Practice areas

appellate procedurestate post-conviction reliefcriminal procedureconstitutional lawremedies

Questions Presented

  1. Whether Rivera showed cause why sanctions should not be imposed for his repeated filing of meritless or inappropriate pro se petitions.
  2. Whether Rivera's habeas petition was a frivolous proceeding subject to the statutory reporting requirement in section 944.279(1), Florida Statutes.
  3. Whether the Court should restrict Rivera's future filings related to his criminal case to pleadings signed by a member in good standing of The Florida Bar.

Holdings

  1. Rivera failed to show cause why sanctions should not be imposed because his extensive history of meritless or otherwise inappropriate filings abused the Court's limited judicial resources.
  2. Rivera's habeas petition was a frivolous proceeding brought before the Court by a state prisoner.
  3. The Clerk of the Florida Supreme Court must reject future pleadings or requests for relief from Rivera related to case number 131985CF0250370001XX unless signed by a member in good standing of The Florida Bar.

Key quotations

One justification for such a sanction lies in the protection of the rights of others to have the Court conduct timely reviews of their legitimate filings (3)
No motion for rehearing or clarification will be entertained by this Court. (4)

Factual background

Rivera, a state inmate, filed a pro se petition challenging his convictions on double-jeopardy and other grounds. He had a lengthy history of filing meritless or otherwise inappropriate pro se petitions in the Florida Supreme Court concerning the same criminal case, including sixteen petitions since 2009. The Court had never granted relief in any of those filings.

Procedural history

Rivera was convicted in Miami-Dade County case number 131985CF0250370001XX and received life imprisonment for first-degree murder and 134 years for robbery with a gun or deadly weapon; the robbery sentence was later reversed and reduced to twenty-two years. Since 2009, he had filed sixteen pro se petitions in the Florida Supreme Court relating to that case, none of which resulted in relief. After dismissing the present petition as unauthorized and issuing a show-cause order regarding sanctions, the Court concluded that Rivera had not shown cause and imposed a prospective filing restriction.

Court Document

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