State v. Gorneault

2007 ME 49 (Supreme Judicial Court of Maine 2007) · Supreme Judicial Court of Maine · April 10, 2007

Summary

This Maine Supreme Judicial Court opinion addresses whether a police officer's investigatory traffic stop, conducted to gather information about a recent burglary, violated the Fourth Amendment. The court held that the brief, non-discriminatory stop was constitutionally permissible under Illinois v. Lidster because its primary purpose was information-gathering rather than crime detection. Consequently, the trial court properly denied the defendant's motion to suppress evidence obtained during the stop, and the conviction was affirmed.

Court
Supreme Judicial Court of Maine
Writing for the Court
Clifford; Alexander; Calkins; Levy; Silver
Jurisdiction
Maine
Decision date
April 10, 2007
Procedural posture
Gorneault appealed the Superior Court's denial of his motion to suppress evidence obtained after a brief roadside inquiry.
Standard of review
Clear error for factual findings; de novo for legal conclusions.
Precedential value
published
Parties
Gorneault v. State
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

fourth amendmentsearch and seizureprobable causeexclusionary rulecriminal procedure

Practice areas

criminal procedureconstitutional law

Questions Presented

  1. Whether a brief, non‑discriminatory roadside inquiry of all vehicles passing a location where a recent burglary occurred, without articulable suspicion, violates the Fourth Amendment.

Holdings

  1. The stop was constitutionally permissible; the denial of the motion to suppress is affirmed.

Key quotations

Generally, an investigatory traffic stop is constitutionally legitimate if the officer conducting the stop has "an articulable suspicion that criminal conduct has taken place, is occurring, or imminently will occur, and the officer's assessment of the existence of specific and articulable facts sufficient to warrant the stop is objectively reasonable in the totality of the circumstances." (¶ 6)
Because (1) police were seeking information about a specific crime, instead of finding perpetrators of "unknown crimes of a general sort"; (2) police tailored their checkpoint to fit their investigatory needs; (3) the stops were very brief in duration and unlikely to arouse anxiety or alarm; and (4) the police did not act in a discriminatory manner, the Court held that the stop of Lidster did not violate his rights under the Fourth Amendment. (¶ 8)

Factual background

Police responded to a burglary report and stopped every vehicle passing a rural area to obtain information about the crime. Gorneault's vehicle was stopped, field sobriety tests indicated intoxication, and he was arrested.

Procedural history

The Superior Court entered a conditional guilty plea to operating under the influence and operating after habitual offender revocation, and denied Gorneault's motion to suppress. Gorneault appealed the denial.

Court Document

Open PDF
Loading document…