White v. State

127 So. 3d 170 (Miss. 2013) · Supreme Court of Mississippi · November 7, 2013

Summary

The Mississippi Supreme Court reviewed Eboni White’s manslaughter conviction arising from the shooting death of Danielle Newsome. The court held that the trial court abused its discretion by excluding a defense witness solely because of a sequestration-rule violation and erred by refusing a jury instruction addressing the Castle Doctrine. It reversed the conviction and sentence and remanded for a new trial.

Court
Supreme Court of Mississippi
Writing for the Court
Pierce, Justice; Waller, Chief Justice; Dickinson, Presiding Justice; Randolph, Presiding Justice; Lamar, Justice; Kitchens, Justice; Chandler, Justice; King, Justice; Coleman, Justice
Jurisdiction
Mississippi
Decision date
November 7, 2013
Procedural posture
White was convicted of manslaughter in the Claiborne County Circuit Court and sentenced to twenty years in the custody of the Mississippi Department of Corrections. The Mississippi Court of Appeals affirmed. The Mississippi Supreme Court granted certiorari and limited review to the exclusion of defense witness Ricky Thompson and the refusal to give a Castle Doctrine self-defense instruction.
Standard of review
Denial of a jury instruction is reviewed for abuse of discretion. An alleged witness-sequestration violation is reviewed for abuse of discretion, and reversal ordinarily requires prejudice sufficient to constitute an abuse of discretion.
Precedential value
Published Mississippi Supreme Court opinion; precedential.
Parties
Eboni White v. State of Mississippi
Disposition
reversed_and_remanded

Topics

self defensejury instructionscriminal proceduresixth amendmentappellate procedure

Practice areas

criminal lawcriminal procedureevidenceself-defenseappellate procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the trial court abused its discretion by excluding defense witness Ricky Thompson solely because he had violated the witness-sequestration rule.
  2. Whether the trial court erred by refusing to give a jury instruction embodying White's Castle Doctrine theory of self-defense under Mississippi Code Section 97-3-15.

Holdings

  1. A witness's violation of the sequestration rule, standing alone, does not justify excluding the witness from testifying. The trial court must determine the prejudicial effect of the violation and consider an appropriate remedy; because the trial court excluded Thompson solely on the basis of the violation, it abused its discretion.
  2. A defendant is entitled to an instruction embodying the Castle Doctrine statutory presumption when the evidence presents more than a scintilla supporting the theory and raises a question whether the victim unlawfully and forcibly entered or occupied the immediate premises or otherwise satisfied the statute's prerequisites.

Key quotations

Given the evidence presented at trial, White was entitled to an adequate jury instruction setting forth Section 97-3-15(3)’s statutory presumption and its attending prerequisites as prescribed by that section. (127 So. 3d at 177)
We find that the trial court abused its discretion in this instance by excluding Thompson’s testimony for no basis other than a violation of the sequestration rule. (127 So. 3d at 176)

Factual background

Eboni White and Danielle Newsome were neighbors and former friends who had a dispute after Newsome accused White of driving around her child's school bus. Newsome repeatedly harassed and threatened White, including confronting her at her trailer on the morning of November 12, 2009. When White left her trailer and approached her vehicle, Newsome crossed the street, confronted her, and blocked access to the vehicle; White saw a silver object in Newsome's raised hand and shot her several times. Newsome died from multiple gunshot wounds, and no weapon was found on her body.

Procedural history

White was indicted for murder, tried before a jury, and convicted of the lesser-included offense of manslaughter. Her motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict or a new trial was denied. The Court of Appeals affirmed in an eight-to-two decision. On certiorari, the Supreme Court of Mississippi reversed the Court of Appeals and the circuit court judgments and remanded for a new trial.

Remand instructions

Remanded to the Claiborne County Circuit Court for a new trial and further proceedings consistent with the opinion.

Court Document

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