State v. Thompson

301 Neb. 472 (2018) · Nebraska Supreme Court · November 2, 2018 · No. S-17-952

Summary

The Nebraska Supreme Court affirmed Benjamin M. Thompson’s convictions for driving under the influence, child abuse, and leaving the scene of an injury accident. The court rejected his claims concerning judicial recusal and suppression of blood-test results, holding that any error regarding admission of the blood-test results was harmless. It vacated the sentences for counts 2 through 5 because the sentences and license revocations were unauthorized or improperly determinate, and remanded for resentencing.

Court
Nebraska Supreme Court
Writing for the Court
Heavican, C.J.; Miller-Lerman, J.; Cassel, J.; Stacy, J.; Funke, J.; Papik, J.; Freudenberg, J.
Jurisdiction
Nebraska
Decision date
November 2, 2018
Docket number
S-17-952
Procedural posture
Appeal from convictions and sentences entered after a jury trial in the Douglas County District Court. Thompson challenged denial of motions to recuse, suppress blood-test results, and exclude those results under Franks v. Delaware. The Nebraska Supreme Court affirmed the convictions, vacated the sentences on counts 2 through 5, and remanded for resentencing.
Standard of review
A recusal motion is initially reviewed under the discretion of the judge to whom it is directed. For a Fourth Amendment suppression ruling, historical facts are reviewed for clear error, while whether those facts trigger or violate Fourth Amendment protection is reviewed independently as a question of law. Plain error may be considered when an unasserted error is plainly evident, prejudicially affects a substantial right, and threatens the integrity, reputation, and fairness of the judicial process.
Precedential value
published opinion
Parties
Benjamin M. Thompson v. State of Nebraska
Disposition
reversed_and_remanded

Topics

criminal proceduresuppression of evidencefourth amendmentharmless errorsentencing

Practice areas

criminal lawcriminal procedureappellate practicesentencing

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the district court erred by denying Thompson's motion to recuse based on an alleged ex parte communication with the prosecution.
  2. Whether admission of the blood-test results required reversal because the warrant affidavit allegedly failed to establish probable cause or was subject to a Franks v. Delaware challenge.
  3. Whether the district court committed plain error by imposing unauthorized license revocations and determinate sentences rather than required indeterminate sentences.

Holdings

  1. A judge who initiates or invites and receives an ex parte communication concerning a pending or impending proceeding must recuse when a litigant requests recusal; however, Thompson failed to prove that an ex parte communication occurred, so denial of the recusal motion was proper.
  2. Any error in admitting the blood-test results was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt because the record contained abundant independent evidence that Thompson was intoxicated.
  3. The license revocations imposed for the child-abuse convictions on counts 2 and 3 were unauthorized by state law and constituted plain error.
  4. Nebraska law required indeterminate sentences for counts 2 through 5 because counts 2 and 3 were Class II felonies and counts 4 and 5 were Class IIIA and Class III felonies imposed concurrently or consecutively with Class II and Class IIA felony sentences.

Key quotations

The inquiry is not whether in a trial that occurred without the error, a guilty verdict would surely have been rendered, but whether the actual guilty verdict rendered was surely unattributable to the error. (480)

Factual background

Thompson was driving a vehicle carrying his three children when it collided with another vehicle and caused severe injuries to two of the children. He left the accident scene, drove to a park, and was observed discarding alcohol containers; officers also observed signs of intoxication and found alcohol and prescription medication in the vehicle. Police obtained a warrant for a blood draw, and testing showed a blood-alcohol concentration of .115 grams per 100 milliliters. The jury convicted Thompson on all charged counts.

Procedural history

After a seven-day jury trial, Thompson was convicted of driving under the influence, fifth offense; two counts of child abuse resulting in serious bodily injury; child abuse; and leaving the scene of a personal injury accident resulting in serious bodily injury. The district court denied his motions to recuse, suppress the blood draw, and obtain a Franks hearing. The court imposed sentences, including determinate sentences and license revocations that the Nebraska Supreme Court found unauthorized or otherwise erroneous. The Supreme Court affirmed the convictions but vacated the sentences on counts 2 through 5 and remanded for resentencing.

Remand instructions

Vacate the sentences imposed for convictions on counts 2 through 5 and remand those counts to the district court for resentencing with authorized indeterminate sentences and without unauthorized license revocations.

Court Document

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