State v. S.B.

A-95-15 (077519) · Supreme Court of New Jersey · July 20, 2017 · No. A-95-15 (077519)

Summary

The Supreme Court of New Jersey held that a youth ministry associated with a church or other religious organization is not categorically exempt from the definition of a "youth serving organization" under N.J.S.A. 2C:7-22. The Court reversed the Appellate Division, reinstated the indictment against S.B. for prohibited participation under N.J.S.A. 2C:7-23, and remanded for further proceedings. Whether the youth ministry qualified as a youth serving organization was left for the trier of fact.

Court
Supreme Court of New Jersey
Writing for the Court
Justice Timpone; Chief Justice Rabner; Justice LaVecchia; Justice Albin; Justice Patterson; Justice Fernandez-Vina; Justice Solomon
Jurisdiction
New Jersey
Decision date
July 20, 2017
Docket number
A-95-15 (077519)
Procedural posture
The State appealed the dismissal of an indictment charging S.B. with prohibited participation in a youth-serving organization under Megan's Law. The Appellate Division affirmed, and the Supreme Court of New Jersey granted certification.
Standard of review
Statutory interpretation and the dismissal of an indictment were reviewed de novo.
Precedential value
published precedential opinion
Parties
State of New Jersey v. S.B.
Disposition
reversed_and_remanded

Topics

statutory interpretationplain meaning rulelegislative intentcriminal procedureconstitutional law

Practice areas

criminal lawstatutory interpretationMegan's Lawconstitutional law

Questions Presented

  1. Whether a youth ministry associated with a church or other religious organization is exempt from the definition of a youth-serving organization under N.J.S.A. 2C:7-22.
  2. Whether the church youth ministry qualified as a youth-serving organization under Megan's Law such that the indictment should be reinstated.
  3. Whether the Free Exercise Clause required consideration in interpreting N.J.S.A. 2C:7-22.

Holdings

  1. A plain-language reading of N.J.S.A. 2C:7-22 does not categorically exempt a youth ministry associated with a church or other religious organization from the definition of a youth-serving organization.
  2. Whether the No Limits Youth Ministry constitutes a youth-serving organization is a factual question for the trier of fact, and the indictment must be reinstated.
  3. State v. J.B.W. does not require dismissal because its analysis concerned an organization affiliated with a school, whereas the statute contains a school exemption but no corresponding exemption for religious organizations.
  4. The court declined to reach the Free Exercise Clause issue because it was not raised by the parties and was unnecessary to the statutory-interpretation analysis.

Key quotations

The text of N.J.S.A. 2C:7-22 is clear on its face: “[A]ny other corporation, association, or organization” that provides activities or services to minors is a youth serving organization. (7)
The Legislature decidedly and explicitly exempted schools. It chose not to categorically exempt any other type of organization, including religious organizations. (7-8)
This matter is purely an issue of statutory interpretation and legislative intent. (12)

Factual background

S.B., a congregant of the Eternal Life Christian Center, was subject to Megan's Law because of two 1991 convictions for sexually assaulting teenage victims. He disclosed those convictions to the church's pastors and elders and participated as a youth leader, counselor, mentor, and chaperone in the church's No Limits Youth Ministry, which served children ages twelve to seventeen. A grand jury indicted him for prohibited participation in a youth-serving organization.

Procedural history

A grand jury indicted S.B. under N.J.S.A. 2C:7-23 for participating in a church youth ministry while subject to Megan's Law restrictions. The trial court dismissed the indictment, concluding that the statute was vague as applied to religious institutions. The Appellate Division affirmed the dismissal, the Supreme Court granted certification, reversed, reinstated the indictment, and remanded for further proceedings.

Remand instructions

The indictment is reinstated, and the matter is remanded to the trial court for proceedings consistent with the opinion. On remand, the trier of fact must determine whether the No Limits Youth Ministry constitutes a youth-serving organization.

Court Document

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