Baxter v. Gosh

2025 NY Slip Op 05143 · Appellate Division, First Department · September 25, 2025 · No. 2025-02493

Summary

This Appellate Division, First Department decision reverses a trial court order denying the plaintiff's motion for summary judgment on liability in a motor vehicle negligence action. The court found that the plaintiff established a prima facie case by demonstrating the defendant violated Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1128(a) through unsafe lane changes, which constituted the sole proximate cause of the collision. Because the defendant failed to provide evidence raising a factual dispute regarding comparative fault or the accident's circumstances, the court granted summary judgment and dismissed the affirmative defense.

Court
Appellate Division, First Department
Writing for the Court
Scarpulla, J.P.; Friedman, J.; González, J.; Shulman, J.; Rosado, J.
Jurisdiction
New York
Decision date
September 25, 2025
Docket number
2025-02493
Procedural posture
Appeal from Supreme Court, Bronx County order denying plaintiff's motion for summary judgment
Standard of review
de novo
Precedential value
published
Parties
Charles Baxter v. Babu Gosh
Disposition
reversed

Topics

summary judgmentnegligencecomparative faultcontributory negligencecivil procedure

Practice areas

tortscivil procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the plaintiff is entitled to summary judgment on liability despite the defendant's affirmative defense of comparative fault and culpable conduct
  2. Whether the affirmative defense of comparative fault and contributory negligence should be dismissed

Holdings

  1. Summary judgment is proper for the plaintiff because the defendant failed to produce any evidence raising a genuine issue of fact, and the affirmative defense of comparative fault and contributory negligence is dismissed.

Key quotations

"was negligent in violating Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1128(a) by changing lanes when it was not safe to do so" (at 1)
"failure to obey the traffic laws that required [him] to yield the right of way" (at 1)

Factual background

Plaintiff Charles Baxter was traveling in the left lane when defendant Babu Gosh, driving in the right lane, attempted to merge without signaling and struck the plaintiff. Baxter's affidavit showed Gosh changed lanes unsafely and failed to yield the right of way, causing the collision. Gosh offered no evidence to explain the accident.

Procedural history

The Supreme Court, Bronx County denied Baxter's motion for summary judgment on liability and the affirmative defense of comparative fault. Baxter appealed, and the Appellate Division reversed and granted summary judgment.

Court Document

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