People v. Baez

2025 NY Slip Op 00175 · Appellate Division, First Department · January 9, 2025 · No. 2020-00890

Summary

This Appellate Division, First Department decision affirms the defendant's conviction for criminal possession of a controlled substance and a weapon. Although the court found the defendant's waiver of his right to appeal invalid due to a deficient judicial colloquy, it upheld the conviction because the warrantless entry into the apartment was justified by exigent circumstances. The court also found no basis to reduce the eight-year sentence imposed as a second felony offender.

Court
Appellate Division, First Department
Writing for the Court
Moulton, J.P.; Kapnick; Scarpulla; Mendez; O'Neill Levy
Jurisdiction
New York
Decision date
January 9, 2025
Docket number
2020-00890
Procedural posture
Appeal from Supreme Court, New York County judgment affirming conviction and sentence; appellant challenges waiver of right to appeal and argues suppression of evidence.
Precedential value
published
Parties
Juan Zubiaga Baez v. People of the State of New York
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

search and seizureexclusionary ruleappellate jurisdictionstandard of reviewcriminal procedure

Practice areas

criminal procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the defendant's waiver of his right to appeal was valid
  2. Whether the warrantless entry into the apartment was justified by exigent circumstances

Holdings

  1. The waiver was invalid because the court failed to confirm that the written waiver was translated into Spanish and that the defendant understood the rights he was waiving.
  2. The warrantless entry was justified by exigent circumstances and the evidence is admissible.

Key quotations

Defendant's waiver of his right to appeal was invalid. The court's colloquy was deficient because the court failed to confirm that the written waiver was translated into Spanish for defendant, incorrectly stated that defendant waived his right to challenge the sentence, and failed to confirm on the record that defendant understood the rights he was waiving.

Factual background

The defendant was convicted of second‑degree criminal possession of a controlled substance and a weapon and sentenced to eight years. At a post‑conviction hearing the court accepted a written waiver of the right to appeal, but the colloquy failed to confirm translation into Spanish or the defendant's understanding. Police entered the defendant's apartment without a warrant based on an informant’s tip and the urgency of obtaining a warrant at night.

Procedural history

The trial court convicted the defendant of criminal possession of a controlled substance and a weapon and sentenced him to eight years. The defendant waived his right to appeal, but the appellate division found the waiver colloquy deficient and considered the warrantless entry issue.

Court Document

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