People v. Perez

2025 NY Slip Op 03285 · Appellate Division, First Department · June 3, 2025 · No. Ind. No. 72468/23; Appeal No. 4488; Case No. 2024-06075

Summary

This Appellate Division, First Department decision affirms the conviction of a police officer for third-degree assault following a bench trial. The court held that the defendant's use of force against an inebriated individual was unjustified because the subject did not pose a threat when the defendant delivered six rapid punches to his face. Relying on established precedent, the court found the evidence legally sufficient to disprove the justification defense and determined the verdict was not against the weight of the evidence.

Court
Appellate Division, First Department
Writing for the Court
Manzanet-Daniels, J.P.; González, JJ.; Mendez, JJ.; Pitt-Burke, JJ.; Rosado, JJ.
Jurisdiction
New York
Decision date
June 3, 2025
Docket number
Ind. No. 72468/23; Appeal No. 4488; Case No. 2024-06075
Procedural posture
Appeal from Supreme Court, New York County judgment convicting defendant of assault in the third degree; judgment affirmed.
Precedential value
published
Parties
Juan Perez v. The People of the State of New York
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

self defensecriminal procedureappellate procedure

Practice areas

criminal law

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the defendant's punches were justified as self‑defense under New York law.

Holdings

  1. The punches were not justified because the man did not pose a threat and the force used was more than the defendant reasonably believed necessary to defend himself.

Key quotations

At the least, defendant's punches constituted "more force than he reasonably believed necessary to defend himself".

Factual background

A police officer (the defendant) responded to a report of an emotionally disturbed person. He encountered a drunken man holding a liquor bottle, who became aggressive. After a brief struggle, the officer punched the man six times in the face, breaking his nose. The man's partner intervened, and the officer continued punching despite the man going limp and being told to stop.

Procedural history

The trial court convicted the defendant of assault in the third degree after a bench trial. The People appealed, arguing justification; the defendant appealed, asserting self‑defense. The Appellate Division reviewed the sufficiency of the evidence and affirmed the judgment.

Court Document

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