Laura K. v. Jaros

Laura K., 2025 NY Slip Op 00575 (Appellate Division Fourth Judicial Department 2025) · Appellate Division, Fourth Judicial Department · January 31, 2025 · No. 881 CA 23-01636

Summary

This New York Appellate Division decision affirms the dismissal of a plaintiff's complaint alleging willful misconduct and gross negligence by defendants who reported suspected infant neglect to child protective services. The court held that the defendants are statutorily immune from liability under Social Services Law § 419 for making the report in good faith compliance with mandatory reporting requirements. Because the plaintiff failed to allege sufficient facts demonstrating willful misconduct or gross negligence, the lower court's grant of the motion to dismiss was properly upheld.

Court
Appellate Division, Fourth Judicial Department
Writing for the Court
Lindley, J.P.; Curran; Ogden; Nowak; Delconte
Jurisdiction
New York
Decision date
January 31, 2025
Docket number
881 CA 23-01636
Procedural posture
Appeal from order of the Supreme Court, Erie County granting defendants' motion to dismiss the complaint.
Precedential value
published
Parties
Laura K., individually and as parent and natural guardian of A.K., an infant v. Allegra Jaros and Kaleida Health
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

negligenceappellate procedurestatutory interpretation

Practice areas

tortsfamily lawappellate procedurestatutory interpretation

Questions Presented

  1. Whether defendants are immune from liability for good‑faith compliance with Social Services Law § 413, and whether the motion to dismiss should be granted with respect to the plaintiff’s claims of willful misconduct and gross negligence.

Holdings

  1. Defendants are entitled to immunity under Social Services Law § 419 for good‑faith compliance with the reporting requirements of § 413, and the plaintiff failed to allege facts showing willful misconduct or gross negligence; therefore the motion to dismiss is granted as to those claims.
  2. The appellate division unanimously affirms the lower court’s order dismissing the complaint.

Key quotations

Pursuant to Social Services Law § 419, defendants are entitled to immunity from liability for their good faith compliance with the reporting requirements of section 413, and here plaintiff failed to present sufficient factual allegations that defendants, in reporting her presumptively positive drug test result to CPS, acted with "willful misconduct or gross negligence" (§ 419; see generally Selapack v Iroquois Cent. School Dist., 17 AD3d 1169, 1170 [4th Dept 2005]).

Factual background

Plaintiff sued to recover damages after defendants reported her presumptively positive newborn drug test to child protective services pursuant to Social Services Law § 413. The defendants asserted immunity for good‑faith compliance with the reporting requirement, and plaintiff alleged willful misconduct and gross negligence.

Procedural history

The Supreme Court, Erie County entered an order on July 6, 2023 granting the defendants' motion to dismiss the complaint. The plaintiff appealed that order to the Appellate Division, Fourth Department.

Court Document

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