Martin v. Kaleida Health

2025 NY Slip Op 01756 · Appellate Division, Fourth Judicial Department · March 21, 2025 · No. 808 CA 23-02135

Summary

This appellate decision reviews a trial court's order denying a motion to compel discovery of a nonparty patient's redacted hospital records in a medical negligence action. The Appellate Division, Fourth Department held that the requested records were material and necessary to establish whether the defendant hospital had notice of a co-patient's COVID-19 infection, thereby overcoming the physician-patient privilege. Consequently, the court reversed the lower court's ruling and granted the plaintiffs' motion to compel production with appropriate redactions.

Court
Appellate Division, Fourth Judicial Department
Writing for the Court
Smith, J.P.; Montour; Greenwood; Nowak; Keane
Jurisdiction
New York
Decision date
March 21, 2025
Docket number
808 CA 23-02135
Procedural posture
Appeal from order of the Supreme Court, Erie County denying plaintiffs' motion to compel and granting defendant's protective order
Standard of review
law
Precedential value
published
Parties
Leon Martin, III and Jean Liu Martin v. Kaleida Health, doing business as Buffalo General Medical Center
Disposition
reversed

Topics

discovery disputecivil procedureappellate procedure

Practice areas

civil proceduretorts

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the trial court erred in denying the plaintiffs' motion to compel production of the non‑party patient's medical records (redacted)
  2. Whether the trial court erred in granting a protective order under CPLR 3103

Holdings

  1. The appellate division reversed the trial court and granted the plaintiffs' motion to compel production of the non‑party patient's records, with patient‑identifying information redacted.
  2. The appellate division reversed and denied the protective order, finding the plaintiff had a right to the redacted records.

Key quotations

discovery determinations rest within the sound discretion of the trial court, the Appellate Division is vested with a corresponding power to substitute its own discretion for that of the trial court, even in the absence of abuse (at 745)
What is material and necessary is left to the sound discretion of the lower courts and includes any facts bearing on the controversy which will assist preparation for trial by sharpening the issues and reducing delay and prolixity. The test is one of usefulness and reason (at 746)

Factual background

Leon Martin, III was hospitalized for a leg infection and contracted COVID‑19 after sharing a room with a non‑party patient known to be infected. Plaintiffs sought the non‑party patient's medical records, redacted for identifying information; the defendant refused and moved for a protective order. The issue turned on whether the records were material and necessary and whether the physician‑patient privilege could be overcome.

Procedural history

The trial court denied the plaintiffs' motion to compel production of a non‑party patient's medical records (redacted) and granted the defendant's cross‑motion for a protective order. The plaintiffs appealed those portions of the order.

Court Document

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