Doe v. Garfinkel

2025 NY Slip Op 00426 · Appellate Division, Second Judicial Department · January 29, 2025 · No. Index No. 520442/21

Summary

This Appellate Division, Second Department decision reviews an order granting a defendant's cross-motion to dismiss a negligence complaint as abandoned under CPLR 3215(c). The plaintiff failed to move for a default judgment within one year of the defendant's default, citing law office failure due to staff illness. The court affirmed the dismissal, holding that the plaintiff's conclusory, unsworn explanation failed to constitute a reasonable excuse for the delay, thus mandating dismissal under the strict terms of the statute.

Court
Appellate Division, Second Judicial Department
Writing for the Court
Barros, J.P.; Genovesi, J.; Wan, J.; Love, J.J.
Jurisdiction
New York
Decision date
January 29, 2025
Docket number
Index No. 520442/21
Procedural posture
Appeal from order of the Supreme Court, Kings County granting defendant's cross‑motion to dismiss the complaint as abandoned under CPLR 3215(c).
Precedential value
published
Parties
Jane Doe v. Yocheved Garfinkel, et al.
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

default judgmentdefaultmotions to dismisscivil procedure

Practice areas

civil procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the plaintiff’s failure to move for a default judgment within one year of the defendant’s default, without showing sufficient cause, warrants dismissal of the complaint as abandoned under CPLR 3215(c).

Holdings

  1. The complaint is dismissed as abandoned because the plaintiff failed to provide a reasonable excuse for the delay; the order granting the defendant’s cross‑motion is affirmed.

Key quotations

The language of the statute is strictly construed, as "[t]he language of CPLR 3215(c) is not, in the first instance, discretionary, but mandatory inasmuch as courts 'shall' dismiss claims (CPLR 3215[c]) for which default judgments are not sought within the requisite one‑year period, as those claims are then deemed abandoned." (at 307-308)

Factual background

Plaintiff filed a negligence action in August 2021 and served the defendant by affixing the summons to his door and mailing a copy. The defendant failed to answer, resulting in a default. Plaintiff waited more than fourteen months before moving for a default judgment. Defendant moved to dismiss the complaint as abandoned under CPLR 3215(c). The trial court granted the dismissal.

Procedural history

The Supreme Court, Kings County denied the plaintiff's motion for default judgment and granted the defendant's cross‑motion to dismiss as abandoned on July 26, 2023. The appellant appealed that portion of the order. The Appellate Division affirmed the dismissal.

Court Document

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