Matter of McDevitt v. Suffolk County

2025 NY Slip Op 02207 · Appellate Division, Second Judicial Department · April 16, 2025 · No. Index No. 601626/22

Summary

This Appellate Division decision reviews a Supreme Court order granting a CPLR Article 78 petition to compel the release of law enforcement disciplinary records under New York's Freedom of Information Law. The court held that the Suffolk County Police Department failed to meet its burden of demonstrating that the requested records were categorically exempt from disclosure based on privacy concerns. Consequently, the lower court's order compelling production of the disciplinary records was affirmed with costs.

Court
Appellate Division, Second Judicial Department
Writing for the Court
GENOVESI, J.P.; BRATHWAITE NELSON; LANDICINO, J.; HOM, JJ.
Jurisdiction
New York
Decision date
April 16, 2025
Docket number
Index No. 601626/22
Procedural posture
Appeal from an order and judgment of the Supreme Court, Suffolk County (May 15, 2023) under CPLR article 78 to compel production of FOIL records.
Precedential value
Published
Parties
Suffolk County, et al. v. Michael McDevitt
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

administrative lawjudicial review of agency actionstatutory interpretationmunicipal lawcivil procedure

Practice areas

administrative lawmunicipal lawcivil procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the disciplinary records are exempt from disclosure under Public Officers Law § 87(2)(b) privacy exemption.
  2. Whether the agency’s failure to provide a particularized justification defeats the privacy exemption.
  3. Whether the timeliness of the administrative appeal is a proper basis for denial.

Holdings

  1. The records are not categorically exempt; the exemption must be narrowly construed and the agency bears the burden of showing a particularized justification.
  2. Because the agency did not articulate a particularized and specific justification, it failed to meet its burden and the exemption does not apply.
  3. The timeliness of the administrative appeal is not a basis for denying the appeal; the court does not consider it.

Key quotations

To promote open government and public accountability, . . . FOIL imposes a broad duty on government to make its records available to the public

Factual background

In August 2020 Michael McDevitt requested the Suffolk County Police Department's disciplinary records of certain officers under the Freedom of Information Law. The department released some material but withheld records deemed "unsubstantiated," "unfounded," or "exonerated." Suffolk County denied McDevitt's administrative appeal, asserting a privacy exemption under Public Officers Law § 87(2)(b). McDevitt then commenced a CPLR 78 action to compel production of the withheld records.

Procedural history

The petitioner requested disciplinary records from the Suffolk County Police Department under FOIL in August 2020. The department withheld records classified as unsubstantiated, unfounded, or exonerated. The County denied the administrative appeal citing a privacy exemption. The petitioner filed a CPLR 78 proceeding seeking an order compelling production. The Supreme Court, Suffolk County, granted the petition. The appellants appealed.

Court Document

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