People v. Calderon

2025 NY Slip Op 02941 · Appellate Division, Second Judicial Department · May 14, 2025 · No. 2024-07108

Summary

This Appellate Division decision reviews a County Court order designating the appellant as a level two sex offender under New York's Sex Offender Registration Act following his prior Wisconsin sexual assault convictions. The court affirmed the lower court's denial of a downward departure from the presumptive risk level, finding that the mitigating factors raised by the defendant were adequately accounted for in the statutory guidelines and did not warrant a reduction. The appellate court concluded that the County Court providently exercised its discretion in assessing the defendant's dangerousness and risk of recidivism.

Court
Appellate Division, Second Judicial Department
Writing for the Court
Francesca E. Connolly, J.P.; Helen Voutsinas; Carl Landicino; Phillip Hom
Jurisdiction
New York
Decision date
May 14, 2025
Docket number
2024-07108
Procedural posture
Appeal from County Court order designating defendant a level two sex offender under the Sex Offender Registration Act (SORA).
Standard of review
abuse of discretion
Precedential value
published
Parties
Wilton Calderon v. People of the State of New York
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

criminal procedure

Practice areas

criminal procedurepost-conviction relief

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the County Court erred in denying the defendant’s application for a downward departure from the presumptive risk level under the Sex Offender Registration Act.

Holdings

  1. The County Court properly denied the downward departure; the order is affirmed.

Key quotations

A defendant seeking a downward departure from the presumptive risk level has the initial burden of (1) identifying, as a matter of law, an appropriate mitigating factor, namely, a factor which tends to establish a lower likelihood of reoffense or danger to the community and is of a kind, or to a degree, that is otherwise not adequately taken into account by the Guidelines; and (2) establishing the facts in support of its existence by a preponderance of the evidence. (235 AD3d at 914-915)

Factual background

In 2017 the defendant was convicted in Wisconsin of two counts of third‑degree sexual assault. After release he moved to New York, where a SORA hearing resulted in an 80‑point risk assessment, a presumptive level‑two designation, and a denied application for a downward departure.

Procedural history

The County Court, Rockland County, after a SORA hearing, assessed the defendant 80 risk points, denied his downward departure request, and designated him a level two sex offender. The defendant appealed.

Court Document

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