State v. Lott

2019 ND 18 (2019) · Supreme Court of North Dakota · January 15, 2019 · No. 20180154

Summary

The North Dakota Supreme Court affirmed MyKennah Lott’s conviction for preventing arrest, concluding that sufficient evidence supported the verdict. The court vacated her sentence and remanded for resentencing because the district court failed to personally address her and provide an opportunity for allocution under N.D.R.Crim.P. 32. The court held that this unpreserved error constituted obvious error affecting substantial rights.

Court
Supreme Court of North Dakota
Writing for the Court
Jon J. Jensen; Lisa Fair McEvers; Daniel J. Crothers; Jerod E. Tufte; Gerald W. VandeWalle, Chief Justice
Jurisdiction
North Dakota
Decision date
January 15, 2019
Docket number
20180154
Procedural posture
Lott appealed a criminal judgment entered after a bench trial finding her guilty of preventing arrest. She challenged the sufficiency of the evidence and argued that the district court violated her right of allocution by failing to personally offer her an opportunity to speak before sentencing.
Standard of review
Sufficiency of the evidence was summarily affirmed under N.D.R.App.P. 35.1(a)(3). The unpreserved sentencing-allocution claim was reviewed for obvious error under N.D.R.Crim.P. 52(b).
Precedential value
Published North Dakota Supreme Court opinion; precedential.
Parties
MyKennah Lott v. State of North Dakota
Disposition
other

Topics

sentencingcriminal procedureappellate procedurepreservation of errorstandard of review

Practice areas

criminal proceduresentencingappellate procedurecriminal appeals

Questions Presented

  1. Whether sufficient evidence supported Lott's conviction for preventing arrest.
  2. Whether the district court committed obvious error by imposing sentence without personally determining whether Lott wished to make a statement or present mitigating information.
  3. Whether the failure to provide an opportunity for allocution affected Lott's substantial rights and required resentencing.

Holdings

  1. The evidence was sufficient to support Lott's guilty verdict for preventing arrest.
  2. N.D.R.Crim.P. 32 requires the sentencing court to personally determine whether the defendant wishes to make a statement on the defendant's own behalf or present mitigating information; allowing defense counsel to speak does not satisfy that requirement.
  3. An individual denied the right of allocution has generally met the burden of showing that the error affected substantial rights, unless the defendant could not potentially receive a lower sentence.

Key quotations

While it is unclear whether Beckman would have taken the opportunity to speak, Rule 32, N.D.R.Crim.P., at the very least mandates she be given an opportunity. (¶ 5)
Rule 32, N.D.R.Crim.P., mandates Lott be given an opportunity to speak on her behalf before sentencing. (¶ 12)

Factual background

In January 2017, Lott and an acquaintance were found walking on property owned by the Dakota Access Pipeline. After law enforcement approached and informed Lott that she was under arrest for trespassing, she resisted, broke free, and had to be taken to the ground. Following a bench trial, she was convicted of preventing arrest; during sentencing, the court addressed counsel but did not personally address Lott regarding her right to speak.

Procedural history

Lott was convicted of preventing arrest under N.D.C.C. § 12.1-08-02 following a bench trial in the Morton County District Court. At sentencing, the court addressed defense counsel, who conferred with Lott and requested waiver of fines and fees, but the record did not show that the court personally asked Lott whether she wished to make a statement. The North Dakota Supreme Court summarily affirmed the conviction, vacated the sentence, and remanded for resentencing.

Remand instructions

The district court must vacate the original sentence and resentence Lott in a proceeding that gives her a personal opportunity to make a statement on her own behalf and present mitigating information, consistent with N.D.R.Crim.P. 32.

Court Document

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