Dougherty v. State (In re J.L.O.)

428 P.3d 881 (Okla. 2018) · Supreme Court of Oklahoma · September 25, 2018

Summary

The opinion addresses an appeal from the termination of a mother's parental rights in a deprived-child proceeding. The court upheld the denial of a continuance, the mother's waiver of a jury trial, the use of telephonic testimony, the finding of clear and convincing evidence supporting termination, and the effectiveness of trial counsel. The case also discusses procedural due process and the Indian Child Welfare Act.

Court
Supreme Court of Oklahoma
Writing for the Court
Darby, J.; Combs, C.J.; Gurich, V.C.J.; Winchester, J.; Edmondson, J.; Colbert, J.; Reif, J.; Kauger, J.; Wyrick, J.
Jurisdiction
Oklahoma
Decision date
September 25, 2018
Procedural posture
Mother appealed a district court order terminating her parental rights. The Oklahoma Supreme Court reviewed the denial of a continuance, waiver of a jury trial, admission of telephonic testimony, sufficiency of the termination evidence, and ineffective assistance of counsel.
Standard of review
The denial of a motion for continuance and allowance of a jury-trial waiver are reviewed for abuse of discretion. Procedural due process and ineffective-assistance claims are reviewed de novo. On termination of parental rights, the appellate court determines whether the record contains clear and convincing evidence supporting the district court's decision.
Precedential value
published opinion
Parties
Mother v. State
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

termination of parental rightsindian child welfare actfamily law procedureprocedural due processappellate procedure

Practice areas

family lawtermination of parental rightsIndian Child Welfare Actconstitutional lawappellate procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the district court abused its discretion by denying Mother's oral motion to continue the termination trial.
  2. Whether Mother knowingly and voluntarily waived her right to a jury trial.
  3. Whether telephonic testimony by a Choctaw Nation social worker violated Mother's procedural due process right to confront and cross-examine witnesses.
  4. Whether the State presented clear and convincing evidence supporting termination of Mother's parental rights under 10A O.S. Supp. 2015, § 1-4-904(B)(5) and (17).
  5. Whether Mother received ineffective assistance of counsel.

Holdings

  1. The district court did not abuse its discretion by denying Mother's oral motion for a continuance made on the morning of trial.
  2. Mother knowingly, intelligently, and voluntarily waived her right to a jury trial, and the district court did not abuse its discretion in accepting the waiver.
  3. Telephonic testimony by the Choctaw Nation social worker did not violate Mother's procedural due process rights because Mother had a meaningful and fair opportunity to confront and cross-examine the witness.
  4. The State presented clear and convincing evidence supporting termination of Mother's parental rights under 10A O.S. Supp. 2015, § 1-4-904(B)(5) and (17), and termination was in Child's best interest.
  5. Mother failed to establish ineffective assistance of counsel because she showed neither deficient performance nor prejudice.

Key quotations

This Court has stated repeatedly, however, that the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution is not implicated in parental rights termination proceedings as the confrontation clause only applies to criminal cases. (¶ 26)
In parental termination proceedings, procedural due process requires a meaningful and fair opportunity to defend which includes a reasonable opportunity to confront and cross-examine witnesses. (¶ 27)
We find the district court did not err in its judgment granting the State's Motion to Terminate Parental Rights and hereby affirm. We remand to the district court for permanency proceedings. (¶ 40)

Factual background

DHS removed Child from Mother's custody when Child was less than two weeks old after police found suspected heroin residue during an impound search and hospital staff observed Mother exhibiting symptoms of ongoing heroin use while caring for Child. Mother was adjudicated deprived by consent and received an individualized service plan addressing neglect, substance abuse, threat of harm, and the lack of a safe and stable home. Over approximately eleven and a half months, Mother failed to complete parenting classes and substance-abuse counseling, missed approximately fifty drug screens, tested positive for illegal substances, and continued to deny having a drug problem. At trial, a Choctaw Nation social worker and a DHS specialist supported termination, and the district court found termination in Child's best interest and required under the Indian Child Welfare Act.

Procedural history

DHS removed Child from Mother's custody shortly after birth. The Tulsa County District Court adjudicated Child deprived by consent and imposed an individualized service plan. After Mother failed to correct the conditions leading to the deprived adjudication, the State moved to terminate her parental rights. Following a nonjury trial, the district court granted termination under 10A O.S. Supp. 2015, § 1-4-904(B)(5) and (17). The Oklahoma Supreme Court affirmed and remanded for permanency proceedings.

Remand instructions

The case is remanded to the district court for permanency proceedings.

Court Document

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