EZZELL v. LACK

480 P.3d 906, 2021 OK 5 (Okla. 2021) · Supreme Court of Oklahoma · January 26, 2021 · No. 119220

Summary

The Oklahoma Supreme Court held that state election statutes governing petition signatures and circulator verification applied to an Enid city recall petition because they did not conflict with the city's charter. Because the petition did not substantially comply with those statutory requirements, the court held it insufficient on its face and reversed the district court's order allowing the recall election to proceed.

Court
Supreme Court of Oklahoma
Writing for the Court
Kauger, J.; Darby, C.J.; Edmondson, J.; Combs, J.; Gurich, J.; Kane, V.C.J.; Winchester, J.; Rowe, J.; Colbert, J.
Jurisdiction
Oklahoma
Decision date
January 26, 2021
Docket number
119220
Procedural posture
Appeal from the District Court of Garfield County concerning a protest to the sufficiency of a municipal recall petition; the Oklahoma Supreme Court retained the appeal.
Standard of review
The court reviewed the legal applicability of state election statutes to the Enid city charter and the facial sufficiency of the recall petition. Under the cited Oklahoma precedent, a municipal clerk's sufficiency determination is generally conclusive absent arbitrary, fraudulent, or capricious action, but courts must correct fatal statutory defects before an election occurs.
Precedential value
Published opinion of the Supreme Court of Oklahoma; precedential.
Parties
Ben Ezzell v. Alissa Lack, City Clerk, City of Enid, Oklahoma, George Pankonin, Mayor, City of Enid, Oklahoma
Disposition
reversed

Topics

recall electionselection administrationmunicipal lawstatutory interpretationappellate procedure

Practice areas

Election lawMunicipal lawStatutory interpretationAppellate procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether Oklahoma's general election statutes, including 34 O.S. 2011 § 3 and 34 O.S. Supp. 2015 § 6, applied to a recall petition governed in part by the City of Enid's charter.
  2. Whether the failure to include the statutory warning and comply with the statutory circulator-verification requirements rendered the recall petition insufficient on its face.
  3. Whether the district court erred by allowing the recall election to proceed.

Holdings

  1. Because the Enid city charter did not conflict with the additional safeguards imposed by 34 O.S. 2011 § 3 and 34 O.S. Supp. 2015 § 6, those state statutes applied to the recall petition.
  2. The recall petition was insufficient on its face because it materially failed to comply with statutory requirements that were essential to preventing fraud, corruption, and deception in the election process.
  3. The district court erred by permitting the recall election to proceed, and its order was reversed.

Key quotations

We hold that because there is no conflict between the City Charter recall process, and the additional state requirements of 34 O.S. 2011 §3 and 34 O.S. Supp. 2015 §6, the state statutes governed, but were not properly followed. (¶ 2)
Pursuant to Walburn, supra, the recall petition was invalid on its face because a statutory provision which is essential to guard against fraud, corruption and deception in the election process must be viewed as an indispensable requirement and failure to substantially comply therewith is fatal. (¶ 35)

Factual background

Voters in Enid's Ward Three submitted a petition seeking to recall City Commissioner Ben Ezzell, primarily because of his support for a citywide mask mandate during the COVID-19 pandemic. The circulators' original verifications stated that signatures were collected from persons known to them, verified through the state voter portal, or represented by persons claiming to be registered Ward Three voters; the circulators later acknowledged that some signatures had not been collected at the voters' homes. The petition lacked the statutory warning required by 34 O.S. 2011 § 3 and did not comply with the signature-verification requirements of 34 O.S. Supp. 2015 § 6.

Procedural history

Ezzell objected in the District Court of Garfield County to a recall petition submitted to City of Enid officials. The district court determined that the petition was sufficient and permitted a recall election to proceed. Ezzell appealed, and the Supreme Court of Oklahoma retained the cause, reversed the trial court, and held the recall petition insufficient on its face.

Court Document

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