State v. Scott

414 S.C. 482 (2015) · Supreme Court of South Carolina · September 9, 2015 · No. Appellate Case No. 2014-001124

Summary

The South Carolina Supreme Court affirmed the Court of Appeals' decision upholding Antonio Scott's murder conviction. The court held that the evidence did not warrant an involuntary manslaughter jury instruction because Scott presented no evidence that he acted with reckless disregard for the safety of others; Justice Pleicones dissented.

Court
Supreme Court of South Carolina
Writing for the Court
Chief Justice Toal; Justice Beatty; Justice Hearn; Acting Justice Alison Renee Lee; Justice Pleicones
Jurisdiction
South Carolina
Decision date
September 9, 2015
Docket number
Appellate Case No. 2014-001124
Procedural posture
Scott sought review by writ of certiorari of the South Carolina Court of Appeals' decision affirming his murder conviction and the trial court's refusal to instruct the jury on involuntary manslaughter.
Standard of review
In criminal cases, the Supreme Court reviews errors of law and is bound by the trial court's factual findings absent an abuse of discretion. Refusal to give a requested jury charge stating a sound legal principle applicable to the case is an error of law. Whether a lesser-included-offense instruction is warranted is determined from the evidence viewed in the light most favorable to the defendant.
Precedential value
published precedential opinion
Parties
Antonio Scott v. The State of South Carolina
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

lesser included offense instructionsjury instructionscriminal procedurestandard of reviewappellate procedure

Practice areas

criminal lawcriminal procedureappellate law

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the evidence, viewed in the light most favorable to Scott, warranted a jury instruction on involuntary manslaughter as a lesser-included offense of murder.
  2. Whether a defendant may obtain an involuntary-manslaughter instruction by arguing that he acted recklessly while exercising self-defense, notwithstanding South Carolina's nonadoption of imperfect self-defense.

Holdings

  1. The evidence did not warrant an involuntary-manslaughter instruction because it did not support an inference that Scott acted with criminal negligence or reckless disregard for the safety of others.
  2. A claim that a defendant acted recklessly while lawfully exercising self-defense is tantamount to a claim of imperfect self-defense, a doctrine South Carolina has not expressly adopted, and does not entitle the defendant to an involuntary-manslaughter instruction on the evidence presented here.

Key quotations

Simply put, Scott has not presented any evidence that he acted with reckless disregard for the safety of others. (488)
Thus, we hold that the evidence did not warrant an involuntary manslaughter charge. (489)

Factual background

Cynthia Nelson confronted Scott at his sister's apartment, and the two engaged in a physical altercation during which Nelson was stabbed in the neck and later died. Scott told an investigator that Nelson had approached him with a shiny object and that he used a martial-arts move to push her elbow upward, causing her to stab herself. Scott did not testify or present evidence at trial, and the only evidence supporting that account was the investigator's testimony about Scott's statement; other witnesses did not corroborate the account.

Procedural history

Scott was indicted and tried for murder after Cynthia Nelson died from a stab wound sustained during a physical altercation with Scott. The circuit court instructed the jury on murder, voluntary manslaughter, and self-defense, but refused to give an involuntary-manslaughter instruction; the jury found Scott guilty of murder, and the court sentenced him to thirty years' imprisonment. The South Carolina Court of Appeals affirmed, and the Supreme Court of South Carolina granted certiorari and affirmed.

Court Document

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