State v. McNeal, 145 Wn. 2d 352

37 P.3d 280 (2002) · Supreme Court of Washington · January 3, 2002

Summary

The Washington Supreme Court held that an apparent inconsistency between a vehicular assault verdict implying drug impairment and a vehicular homicide special finding that the defendant was not under the influence of drugs did not constitute manifest constitutional error. Because sufficient evidence supported the vehicular assault conviction, the defendant waived the issue by failing to object before the jury was discharged. The court also rejected the ineffective-assistance claim, concluding that counsel's failure to object caused no prejudice and could have been a reasonable tactical decision.

Court
Supreme Court of Washington
Writing for the Court
Alexander, C.J.; Madsen, J.; Ireland, J.; Bridge, J.; Guy, J. Pro Tem.
Jurisdiction
Washington
Decision date
January 3, 2002
Procedural posture
McNeal sought review of a Court of Appeals decision affirming his convictions and argued that inconsistent jury verdicts constituted manifest constitutional error and that trial counsel was ineffective for failing to object before the jury was discharged.
Standard of review
The court reviewed whether the alleged verdict inconsistency was a manifest error affecting a constitutional right and therefore reviewable for the first time on appeal. It viewed the evidence supporting the verdict in the light most favorable to the State and upheld the verdict if sufficient evidence permitted a rational trier of fact to find guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. Ineffective-assistance claims were analyzed under the Strickland performance-and-prejudice standard.
Precedential value
Published Washington Supreme Court opinion; precedential.
Parties
John McNeal v. State of Washington
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

criminal procedureappellate procedureineffective assistancesentencingstandard of review

Practice areas

criminal procedureappellate procedureineffective assistance of counselsentencing

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the apparent inconsistency between the vehicular-assault verdict and the vehicular-homicide special finding constituted a manifest error affecting a constitutional right that could be raised for the first time on appeal.
  2. Whether the apparent inconsistency rendered the vehicular-assault conviction void.
  3. Whether trial counsel provided ineffective assistance by failing to object to the alleged inconsistency before the jury was discharged.

Holdings

  1. An apparent inconsistency between jury verdicts does not by itself constitute manifest error affecting a constitutional right. When each verdict is supported by sufficient evidence, the inconsistency is not reversible error and the failure to object before the jury is discharged waives the challenge.
  2. Trial counsel did not provide ineffective assistance because McNeal could not show prejudice from the failure to object, and the decision not to object was reasonably attributable to a tactical strategy to avoid a potentially harsher sentence.

Key quotations

“[I]t is this showing of actual prejudice that makes the error ‘manifest’, allowing appellate review.” (357)
“Where the jury’s verdict is supported by sufficient evidence from which it could rationally find the defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.” (359)
We hold that because the vehicular assault verdict is supported by sufficient evidence the apparent inconsistency between the vehicular assault and vehicular homicide verdicts is not a manifest error affecting a constitutional right. (364)

Factual background

McNeal drove across the centerline of a Lewis County road, causing a head-on collision that seriously injured one person and killed another. Police found methamphetamine, a syringe, a razor blade, and $4,250 in cash in his vehicle and possession. His blood contained .31 milligrams of methamphetamine per liter, and witnesses described him as fatigued or lethargic after the collision. The jury convicted him of vehicular homicide, vehicular assault, and possession of methamphetamine with intent to deliver, but found for the homicide charge that he was not operating under the influence of drugs while the vehicular-assault verdict implied that he was.

Procedural history

McNeal was convicted in the trial court of vehicular homicide, vehicular assault, and possession of methamphetamine with intent to deliver. The Court of Appeals affirmed. The Washington Supreme Court granted review on waiver and ineffective-assistance issues and affirmed the Court of Appeals.

Court Document

Open PDF
Loading document…