Michak v. Transnation Title Insurance

148 Wash. 2d 788 (2003) · Supreme Court of Washington · March 6, 2003

Summary

The Washington Supreme Court held that a title insurer was not contractually barred from correcting the legal description in a preliminary title commitment before issuing the policy. The insured’s initials on the corrected legal description at closing demonstrated assent to the amendment, supporting summary judgment for the insurer on the insured’s breach of contract claim.

Court
Supreme Court of Washington
Writing for the Court
Owens, J.; Alexander, C.J.; Johnson, J.; Madsen, J.; Ireland, J.; Bridge, J.; Chambers, J.; Smith, J. Pro Tem.
Jurisdiction
Washington
Decision date
March 6, 2003
Procedural posture
Michak appealed from summary judgment dismissing her breach of contract claim against Transnation. The Court of Appeals reversed, and the Washington Supreme Court granted review.
Standard of review
Summary judgment is reviewed de novo. The appellate court applies the same inquiry as the trial court and views the facts and reasonable inferences in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party. Summary judgment is proper when there is no genuine issue of material fact and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.
Precedential value
Published Washington Supreme Court opinion; precedential.
Parties
Patricia Michak v. Transnation Title Insurance Company
Disposition
reversed

Topics

breach of contractcontract interpretationtitle disputesinsurance coveragesummary judgment

Practice areas

contract lawreal estate lawtitle insurancecivil procedure

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the preliminary title commitment contractually precluded Transnation from amending the Schedule A legal description before issuing the title policy.
  2. Whether Michak's initials on the corrected one-page legal description at closing demonstrated assent to Transnation's amendment.

Holdings

  1. The preliminary title commitment did not preclude Transnation from correcting the legal description in Schedule A before issuing the title policy.
  2. By initialing the corrected legal description at closing, Michak manifested assent to Transnation's amendment and could not disavow the corrected description.

Key quotations

It is a general rule that a party to a contract which he has voluntarily signed will not be heard to declare that he did not read it, or was ignorant of its contents. (at 799)
In sum, under Washington law, because Michak initialed the correct legal description of the property to be insured, she cannot disavow assent to Transnation's amendment of the legal description in Schedule A. (at 799)
On these facts, Michak has no viable claim that Transnation breached its commitment to provide title insurance. (at 800)

Factual background

Michak purchased real property in Kitsap County and obtained a preliminary title commitment from Transnation that described a 60-foot easement. Before closing, Transnation learned from recorded documents that the easement had been reduced to 30 feet, issued a supplemental document correcting the legal description, and later issued a title policy containing the 30-foot description. Michak initialed the corrected legal description at closing, but later asserted that Transnation breached its commitment by failing to insure the 60-foot easement.

Procedural history

The trial court granted Transnation's motion for summary judgment on January 13, 2000. The Court of Appeals reversed in a split decision and remanded for further proceedings. The Washington Supreme Court reversed the Court of Appeals and reinstated the trial court's summary dismissal.

Remand instructions

The Court of Appeals decision was reversed, and the trial court's order granting Transnation's motion for summary judgment was reinstated.

Court Document

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