Martin v. State

149 P.3d 707 (Wyo. 2007) · Supreme Court of Wyoming · January 10, 2007 · No. No. 05-188

Summary

The Supreme Court of Wyoming affirmed Jesse Matthew Martin’s conviction for escape from official detention. The court held that the district court did not abuse its discretion in denying a mistrial based on irrelevant testimony concerning controlled substances and syringes, because corrective measures adequately addressed potential prejudice. The court also held that sufficient circumstantial evidence supported the finding that Martin left his place of employment and that denial of his motion for acquittal was not plain error.

Court
Supreme Court of Wyoming
Writing for the Court
Kite, Justice; Voigt, C.J.; Golden, J.; Hill, J.; Kite, J.; Burke, J.
Jurisdiction
Wyoming
Decision date
January 10, 2007
Docket number
No. 05-188
Procedural posture
Martin appealed his jury conviction for escape, challenging the denial of his motion for mistrial based on allegedly irrelevant and prejudicial testimony and the denial of his motion for judgment of acquittal based on insufficient evidence.
Standard of review
The denial of a motion for mistrial is reviewed for abuse of discretion. The denial of a motion for judgment of acquittal was reviewed for plain error because Martin did not renew the motion at the close of all evidence or after the verdict. In reviewing sufficiency in that context, the court accepts the State's evidence and reasonable inferences as true and asks whether a jury could reasonably find every element proven beyond a reasonable doubt.
Precedential value
Published Wyoming Supreme Court opinion; precedential
Parties
Jesse Matthew Martin v. The State of Wyoming
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

criminal procedureevidencehearsayappellate procedurestandard of review

Practice areas

criminal lawcriminal procedureappellate practice

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the district court abused its discretion by denying a mistrial after witnesses gave irrelevant and prejudicial testimony connecting Martin to controlled-substance use.
  2. Whether the district court abused its discretion by denying a mistrial based on alleged prosecutorial misconduct arising from a witness's nonresponsive hearsay testimony.
  3. Whether the district court committed plain error by denying Martin's motion for judgment of acquittal when the State allegedly failed to prove that he left his place of employment.

Holdings

  1. The district court did not abuse its discretion in denying a mistrial because the improper testimony was brief and isolated, and the court took reasonable curative measures, including sustaining an objection, redacting references to the specific underlying offenses, and instructing the jury to disregard the syringe testimony.
  2. The district court did not abuse its discretion in rejecting prosecutorial misconduct as a basis for mistrial because the witness's statement was nonresponsive and spontaneous, there was no evidence the prosecutor reasonably should have anticipated it, and the court immediately instructed the jury to disregard it.
  3. The district court did not commit plain error by denying the motion for judgment of acquittal because circumstantial evidence permitted the jury to find beyond a reasonable doubt that Martin left his place of employment.

Key quotations

Our task is not to second guess the district court's decision, but to determine whether it "exercised sound judgment with regard to what was right under the circumstances." (149 P.3d at 713)
There is nothing in the record to support a conclusion that the district court's determination was unreasonable. (149 P.3d at 714)

Factual background

Martin was serving the remainder of a misdemeanor sentence at Community Alternatives of Casper, a work-release detention facility requiring inmates to obtain employment, sign in and out, and report their whereabouts. On July 19, 2004, he was assigned to work for DLH, Inc., was sent to another work site with a company truck, delivered a spray tip, and then disappeared. The truck was later found abandoned, Martin was absent for several hours, and he eventually returned to the work site. At trial, witnesses made improper references to his controlled-substance conviction and alleged syringe purchase, prompting a mistrial motion.

Procedural history

Martin pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor and was sentenced to forty days in jail, with the remainder to be served at Community Alternatives of Casper, a work-release detention facility. After he was found absent from his assigned work site, he was charged with escape. Following a jury trial, the district court denied his mistrial and judgment-of-acquittal motions, the jury returned a guilty verdict, and the court imposed a sentence of thirteen to twenty-four months. The Wyoming Supreme Court affirmed.

Court Document

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