Matter of J-A-

29 I&N Dec. 253 (BIA 2025) · Board of Immigration Appeals · August 8, 2025 · No. ID 4130

Summary

This Board of Immigration Appeals decision reviews an Immigration Judge’s ruling on a respondent’s applications for asylum, withholding of removal, and deferral of removal under the Convention Against Torture. The Board affirms the denial of asylum and withholding of removal based on adverse credibility findings and national security concerns, but reverses the grant of CAT deferral of removal. The Board concludes that while the respondent faces a risk of detention upon return to Uzbekistan, the record lacks sufficient evidence to establish a clear probability that he will personally be tortured. Consequently, the respondent’s appeal is dismissed, DHS’s appeal is sustained, and a final order of removal to Uzbekistan is entered.

Court
Board of Immigration Appeals
Writing for the Court
MULLANE; GOODWIN; GEMOETS
Jurisdiction
United States
Decision date
August 8, 2025
Docket number
ID 4130
Procedural posture
DHS appeals the Immigration Judge’s grant of deferral of removal under the CAT; the respondent appeals the IJ’s denial of asylum and withholding of removal.
Standard of review
Clear error for credibility findings; de novo for CAT deferral analysis
Precedential value
published
Parties
Department of Homeland Security v. Respondent
Disposition
reversed

Topics

asylumremoval proceedingsjudicial review of agency actionimmigrationadministrative law

Practice areas

immigration

Questions Presented

  1. Whether the Immigration Judge erred in denying asylum and withholding of removal.
  2. Whether the Immigration Judge erred in granting deferral of removal under the Convention Against Torture.

Holdings

  1. The Board affirms the Immigration Judge’s denial of asylum and withholding of removal.
  2. The Board reverses the grant of deferral of removal because the respondent failed to meet the CAT burden of proving it is more likely than not that he would be tortured.

Key quotations

Evidence that the Uzbek Government is pursuing charges of terrorist activity against the respondent, that he will be detained upon removal, and that there are isolated incidents of torture does not establish that he will more likely than not be tortured where there is insufficient evidence that he will be prosecuted for illegitimate reasons. (at 253)
The Immigration Judge’s analysis erroneously conflates the respondent’s risk of arrest with his risk of torture. (at 256)

Factual background

The respondent, an Uzbek citizen, was arrested in Russia on alleged terrorist ties, later attacked in Turkey, and arrested in the United States in April 2024. He claimed the Uzbek Government would torture him if removed, but the record contained only isolated incidents of torture and no evidence of specific intent to torture him.

Procedural history

The Immigration Judge denied asylum and withholding of removal and granted deferral of removal under the Convention Against Torture. Both parties appealed. The Board reviewed the credibility finding de novo for clear error and the CAT analysis de novo.

Court Document

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