State v. Harms

304 Neb. 441 (2019) · Supreme Court of Nebraska · November 8, 2019 · No. No. S-18-1181

Summary

The Nebraska Supreme Court affirmed Randy R. Harms, Jr.'s conviction and one-year jail sentence for attempted possession of burglar's tools. The court held that he was entitled to credit only for the 23 days spent in county jail, not for 150 days spent in Nebraska Department of Correctional Services custody on separate convictions. The court also concluded that the sentence was within statutory limits and was not an abuse of discretion.

Court
Supreme Court of Nebraska
Writing for the Court
Stacy, J.; Heavican, C.J.; Miller-Lerman, J.; Cassel, J.; Funke, J.; Papik, J.
Jurisdiction
Nebraska
Decision date
November 8, 2019
Docket number
No. S-18-1181
Procedural posture
Harms appealed from his conviction and sentence in the Seward County District Court, challenging the amount of jail-time credit awarded and arguing that his one-year jail sentence was excessive.
Standard of review
Whether a defendant is entitled to credit for time served and in what amount is a question of law reviewed independently. A sentence within statutory limits is reviewed for abuse of discretion.
Precedential value
published precedential opinion
Parties
Randy R. Harms, Jr. v. State of Nebraska
Disposition
affirmed

Topics

sentencingcriminal procedureappellate procedurestatutory interpretationstandard of review

Practice areas

criminal lawcriminal proceduresentencingappellate law

Questions Presented

  1. Whether Harms was entitled under Neb. Rev. Stat. § 47-503 to credit against his Seward County jail sentence for the 150 days he spent in DCS custody serving unrelated Dawson County sentences.
  2. Whether the district court abused its discretion by imposing the maximum one-year jail sentence for attempted possession of burglar's tools.

Holdings

  1. A defendant sentenced to county jail is entitled under Neb. Rev. Stat. § 47-503 to credit for time spent in jail as a result of the charge for which the jail term was imposed or conduct underlying that charge, but not for time spent in DCS custody serving a separate sentence. Harms therefore was entitled to credit for only the 23 days spent in the Seward County jail.
  2. The district court did not abuse its discretion by imposing the maximum one-year jail sentence, because the sentence was within the statutory limits and the record showed that the court considered the relevant sentencing factors and articulated a reasonable basis for the sentence.

Key quotations

Section 47-503 does not authorize presentence credit against a jail sentence for time spent in DCS custody serving a separate sentence. (446)
Thus, the applicable rule is that unless the court imposing a later independent sentence specifically states otherwise at the time of its pronouncement, the later sentence is to be served consecutively to any earlier imposed sentence or sentences. (447)
The appropriateness of a sentence is necessarily a subjective judgment and includes the sentencing judge’s observation of the defendant’s demeanor and attitude and all the facts and circumstances surrounding the defendant’s life. (449)

Factual background

In 2015, Harms was convicted of multiple felony and misdemeanor offenses in Dawson County and received prison sentences of 40 to 120 months. After his parole was revoked, he was arrested in Seward County on a charge of possession of burglar's tools, later reduced to attempted possession, and spent 23 days in the Seward County jail before being released on bond directly into Department of Correctional Services custody. He later pleaded no contest and received a one-year Seward County jail sentence with credit for 23 days, but sought credit for the 150 days spent in DCS custody on the Dawson County sentences. The sentencing court also considered his extensive criminal history, the circumstances of the offense, and his high risk of reoffending in imposing the maximum jail term.

Procedural history

Harms pleaded no contest to attempted possession of burglar's tools, a Class I misdemeanor. The district court sentenced him to one year in jail, credited him with 23 days served, and denied his request for credit for an additional 150 days spent in Nebraska Department of Correctional Services custody on unrelated Dawson County sentences. The Nebraska Supreme Court moved the timely appeal to its docket on its own motion and affirmed.

Court Document

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